5 research outputs found
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E virus (HEV) in domestic non-commercial pigs reared in small-scale farms and wild boar in South of Brazil
Hepatitis E is a zoonotic emerging disease distributed worldwide. The domestic swine and wild boars (Sus scrofa) are known as important reservoirs of HEV although HEV infections have been detected in other animal species. The southern region of Brazil has the largest swine productions in the country, ranging from highly-specialized commercial swine productions to small-scale non-commercial pig farms. The small-scale farms allow interactions between wild boars and domestic pigs, when occasionally pathogens transmission can occur between these populations. The aim of this study was to determine HEV seroprevalence in non-commercial domestic pigs and wild boars from two southern Brazilian states (RS: Rio Grande do Sul; SC: Santa Catarina), and discuss if the consumption of raw or undercooked meat from these animals is a potential risk to public health. Animals from RS and SC States were sampled. Serum was harvested from wild boar hunted between 2012 and 2016, and from non-commercial small-scale pig farms in 2014. Overall 249 wild boars (56 from RS and 193 from SC) and 382 pigs (261 from RS and 121 from SC) were tested to detect anti-HEV IgG antibodies using a commercial HEV antibody ELISA kit (Thermo fisher), specific for swine. Overall difference was observed (P\u3c0.0001) regarding HEV seroprevalence between wild boar 4.42% (n=249) and non-commercial domestic pigs 46.60% (n=382). In relation to wild boars samples, higher seroprevalence for Hepatitis E was observed in RS (14.29%; n=56) and lower in SC (1.55%; n=193; P\u3c0.0004). In relation to pigs, RS had also higher seroprevalence (53.26%; n=261) than SC (32.23%; n=121; P\u3c0.0002). Although interactions between wild boar and non-commercial domestic pigs are known to occur, the lowest antibody detection in wild boar suggest that these contact may not be sufficient to explain seroprevalence in studied populations. Our results indicate that non-commercial pigs are a more likely source of infection for the human population than wild boar
Seroprevalence of Brucella Spp., Lepstospira Spp and Toxoplasma Gondii in wild boar (Sus scrofa) from Southern Brazil
The wild boar (Sus scrofa), exotic invasive specie, is currently distributed in many Brazilian states, including Santa Catarina (SC) and Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Since the wild pigs are susceptible to zoonotic pathogens as Leptospira spp, Toxoplasma gondii and Brucella spp, their large populations, movements and dispersion can spread diseases, being a potential transmission source to humans, livestock and other sylvatic sympatric species. Despite its importance are there few information about sanitary status of this wild populations and their impact for human and livestock health in Brazil. Objective this work was to investigate the presence of antibodies to Brucella spp, Toxoplasma gondii and Leptospira spp in blood samples of wild boar legally hunted for population control in SC and RS states. From January 2014 to July 2016, 193 samples were tested to antibodies against Brucella spp (buffered acidified plate agglutination test-BAPA) and Leptospira spp (micro agglutination test-MAT). Of these 193, 149 were tested to Toxoplasma gondii antibodies (HAI test). Overall, serological results showed negativity to Brucella spp and low prevalence for Toxoplasma gondii (2,7%). On the other hand, the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp was 6,74% with significantly greater percentage of positivity in RS (12,5%) compared to SC (3,88%). The most prevalent serovars ware Icterohaemorragiae and Pomona, with titers ranging from 1:400 to 1:12,800 in RS. Icterohaemorragiae was the most prevalent serovar in SC but with lowest titres. Seroprevalence of these pathogens in wild population indicate the environmental health, including sympatric livestock and wildlife. Ecological factors should be considered to understand the role of wild boars in the cycle of these diseases. Our results indicate that hunters and consumers of wild boar meat of must be aware about zoonotic risk in carcass handling and meat intake.</p
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E virus (HEV) in domestic non-commercial pigs reared in small-scale farms and wild boar in South of Brazil
Hepatitis E is a zoonotic emerging disease distributed worldwide. The domestic swine and wild boars (Sus scrofa) are known as important reservoirs of HEV although HEV infections have been detected in other animal species. The southern region of Brazil has the largest swine productions in the country, ranging from highly-specialized commercial swine productions to small-scale non-commercial pig farms. The small-scale farms allow interactions between wild boars and domestic pigs, when occasionally pathogens transmission can occur between these populations. The aim of this study was to determine HEV seroprevalence in non-commercial domestic pigs and wild boars from two southern Brazilian states (RS: Rio Grande do Sul; SC: Santa Catarina), and discuss if the consumption of raw or undercooked meat from these animals is a potential risk to public health. Animals from RS and SC States were sampled. Serum was harvested from wild boar hunted between 2012 and 2016, and from non-commercial small-scale pig farms in 2014. Overall 249 wild boars (56 from RS and 193 from SC) and 382 pigs (261 from RS and 121 from SC) were tested to detect anti-HEV IgG antibodies using a commercial HEV antibody ELISA kit (Thermo fisher), specific for swine. Overall difference was observed (P<0.0001) regarding HEV seroprevalence between wild boar 4.42% (n=249) and non-commercial domestic pigs 46.60% (n=382). In relation to wild boars samples, higher seroprevalence for Hepatitis E was observed in RS (14.29%; n=56) and lower in SC (1.55%; n=193; P<0.0004). In relation to pigs, RS had also higher seroprevalence (53.26%; n=261) than SC (32.23%; n=121; P<0.0002). Although interactions between wild boar and non-commercial domestic pigs are known to occur, the lowest antibody detection in wild boar suggest that these contact may not be sufficient to explain seroprevalence in studied populations. Our results indicate that non-commercial pigs are a more likely source of infection for the human population than wild boar.</p
Nem tudo que parece ser, Ă© lesĂŁo: aspectos anatĂ´micos, nĂŁo lesões, artefatos, lesões sem significado clĂnico e alterações post mortem encontrados na necropsia de suĂnos domĂ©sticos e selvagens (Sus scrofa)
A interpretação das alterações encontradas na necropsia Ă© uma etapa importante para o sucesso do diagnĂłstico final. Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever e ilustrar os aspectos anatĂ´micos, nĂŁo lesões, artefatos, lesões sem significado clĂnico e alterações post mortem encontradas em suĂnos domĂ©sticos e selvagens. AlĂ©m disso, tambĂ©m se recomenda tĂ©cnicas de colheita de tecidos para o diagnĂłstico de doenças que acometem essa espĂ©cie. Os principais aspectos anatĂ´micos e nĂŁo lesões descritos sĂŁo fĂmbrias linguais, quadrilátero esofágico, toro pilĂłrico e demarcação do padrĂŁo lobular do fĂgado (sistema gastrintestinal); tonsilas do palato mole, tecido linfoide associado ao estĂ´mago, placas de Peyer do intestino delgado e dobras da margem do baço (sistema hematopoiĂ©tico); mediastino proeminente do testĂculo e arĂ©olas da placenta (sistema reprodutor); atelectasia pulmonar e apĂŞndice decidual (feto); e glândulas carpais (sistema tegumentar). Os artefatos de eutanásia abordados sĂŁo petĂ©quias na superfĂcie do pulmĂŁo e rim, falsa anemia por sangria, hemorragia subdural por concussĂŁo cerebral, pseudo-infartos do baço e aspecto cerebriforme do intestino delgado. As lesões de pouco significado clĂnico descritas sĂŁo cistos renais, linfonodos com pigmento de ferro, papilomas e hemangiomas no escroto, ossos no mesentĂ©rio e hiperemia da mucosa gástrica. As alterações post mortem comumente encontradas sĂŁo livor mortis, mĂşsculos pálidos, pseudomelanose e lĂquido serosanguinolento nas cavidades torácica e abdominal em fetos