32,924 research outputs found
The Interest of the Man : James Madison, Popular Constitutionalism, and the Theory of Deliberative Democracy
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Researching the support needs of Pakistani families with disabled children in the UK
Copyright @ 2007 Social Services Research Group.Pakistani families living in the UK form one of the most disadvantaged sections of the society. Key issues faced relate to poverty, high unemployment, ill health, low levels of English proficiency, rising âIslamophobiaâ, men feeling misunderstood and misrepresented, and a lack of faith/culture appropriate facilities. When a disabled child is born, additional issues are added to this already challenging situation. These include a significantly higher incidence of disability, high costs of raising a disabled child, being less likely to receive benefits, poor access to health and social care, negative attitudes towards disability within the community and a high incidence of depression and anxiety among primary carers.
Although a considerable body of research-based evidence has been available for well over a decade, no significant improvement in service provision to these families has been seen. The paper suggests that a critical paradigm of research, with emancipatory goals, is needed and that participatory action research be used to help Pakistani families gain better understanding of their own support needs and to provide better skills to be able to ensure that these needs will be met more effectively within the family, in the community and through mainstream services
A class of homogeneous scalar-tensor cosmologies with a radiation fluid
We present a new class of exact homogeneous cosmological solutions with a
radiation fluid for all scalar-tensor theories. The solutions belong to Bianchi
type cosmologies. Explicit examples of nonsingular homogeneous
scalar-tensor cosmologies are also given.Comment: 7 pages, LaTex; v2 type mistakes corrected, comments adde
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The effect of FPU architecture on a dynamic precision algorithm for the solution of differential equations
Solution of lnitial Value Problems (IVPs) is an important application in scientific computing. Methods for solving these problems use techniques for reducing the error and increasing the speed of the computation. This paper introduces a class of algorithms which dynamically reconfigure their operating parameters to reduce the computation time. By dynamically varying the precision of the arithmetic being performed, it is possible to obtain dramatic speedups on certain architectures when solving IVPs. This paper illustrates how various architectures impact on a dynamic precision version of the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg algorithm. It is shown that a speedup of over 30 percent is possible for both massively parallel processors and vector supercomputers
Spherical Orbifolds for Cosmic Topology
Harmonic analysis is a tool to infer cosmic topology from the measured
astrophysical cosmic microwave background CMB radiation. For overall positive
curvature, Platonic spherical manifolds are candidates for this analysis. We
combine the specific point symmetry of the Platonic manifolds with their deck
transformations. This analysis in topology leads from manifolds to orbifolds.
We discuss the deck transformations of the orbifolds and give eigenmodes for
the harmonic analysis as linear combinations of Wigner polynomials on the
3-sphere. These provide new tools for detecting cosmic topology from the CMB
radiation.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with
arXiv:1011.427
Wave packet approach to transport in mesoscopic systems
Wave packets provide a well established and versatile tool for studying
time-dependent effects in molecular physics. Here, we demonstrate the
application of wave packets to mesoscopic nanodevices at low temperatures. The
electronic transport in the devices is expressed in terms of scattering and
transmission coefficients, which are efficiently obtained by solving an initial
value problem (IVP) using the time-dependent Schroedinger equation. The
formulation as an IVP makes non-trivial device topologies accessible and by
tuning the wave packet parameters one can extract the scattering properties for
a large range of energies.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
A correction to the enhanced bottom drag parameterisation of tidal turbines
Hydrodynamic modelling is an important tool for the development of tidal
stream energy projects. Many hydrodynamic models incorporate the effect of
tidal turbines through an enhanced bottom drag. In this paper we show that
although for coarse grid resolutions (kilometre scale) the resulting force
exerted on the flow agrees well with the theoretical value, the force starts
decreasing with decreasing grid sizes when these become smaller than the length
scale of the wake recovery. This is because the assumption that the upstream
velocity can be approximated by the local model velocity, is no longer valid.
Using linear momentum actuator disc theory however, we derive a relationship
between these two velocities and formulate a correction to the enhanced bottom
drag formulation that consistently applies a force that remains closed to the
theoretical value, for all grid sizes down to the turbine scale. In addition, a
better understanding of the relation between the model, upstream, and actual
turbine velocity, as predicted by actuator disc theory, leads to an improved
estimate of the usefully extractable energy. We show how the corrections can be
applied (demonstrated here for the models MIKE 21 and Fluidity) by a simple
modification of the drag coefficient
Fluorescence Analysis for Multi-Site Aluminum Binding to Natural Organic Matter
Natural organic matter (NOM) samples isolated from different water sources in Norway were compared using their fluorescence properties. Fluorescence surfaces were observed at pH 4.36 and deconvoluted using SIMPLISMA (Windig and Guilment 1991). There were a total of seven different fluorophores observed for these samples and each sampling site had between four and six ofthe fluorescent components. These components were observed to bind Al during titrations at the same pH. Multiresponse titration curves were fit using the method of Smith and Kramer (1998) and most of the binding strengths are similar to values for Suwannee River fulvic acid (1ogKâ between 4.8 and 5.5), but there are strong sites (IogKâ = 7) and weak sites (1ogKâ between 3 and 4) also observed. Results depended on the isolation method used; reverse osmosis and low pressure evaporation yielded different values but with no consistent trends
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