Tricuspid intervention for less-than-severe regurgitation at time of minimally invasive mitral valve surgery in patients with AF

Background: While to address moderate tricuspid regurgitation (TR) at time of left-side heart surgery is recommended by the guidelines, the procedure is still seldom performed and especially in the minimally invasive setting. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is known marker of both mortality and TR progression after mitral valve surgery. Aims: The current study aimed to address the safety of adding a tricuspid intervention to minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) in patients with preoperative AF. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from Polish National Registry of Cardiac Surgery Procedures between 2006 and 2021. We included all patients who underwent MIMVS (mini-thoracotomy-, totally thoracoscopic- or robotic surgery) and presented with moderate tricuspid regurgitation and AF preoperatively. The primary endpoint was death from any cause at 30 days and at longest available follow between MIMVS with tricuspid intervention vs MIMVS alone. We used propensity score matching to account for baseline differences between groups. Results: We identified 1,545 patients with AF undergoing MIMVS, 54.7% were men aged 66.7±9.2years. Of those, 733 (47.4%) underwent concomitant tricuspid valve intervention. At 13 years, addition of tricuspid intervention was associated with 33% higher mortality as compared to MIMVS alone. HR 1.33; 95 CIs (1.05-1.69); P=0.02. PS matching resulted in 565 well-balanced pairs. Concomitant tricuspid intervention did not influence long-term follow-up: HR, 1.01; 95 CIs (0.74-1.38); P=0.94. Conclusions: After adjusting for baseline cofounders the addition of tricuspid intervention for moderate tricuspid regurgitation to MIMVS did not increase perioperative mortality nor influence long-term survival

Catalytic Hydrogenation of Nitrocyclohexane with CuCo/SiO₂ Catalysts in Gas and Liquid Flow Reactors

Catalytic hydrogenation of nitrocyclohexane proved to be an attractive alternative source of various chemical compounds: cyclohexanone oxime, cyclohexanone, cyclohexanol, cyclohexylamine and dicyclohexylamine. A growing interest in this reaction has been observed in the last few years. Herein, we present the catalytic performance of Cu/SiO2, Co/SiO2 and CuCo/SiO2 in gas and liquid flow nitrocyclohexane hydrogenation. The analysis of synthesized catalysts morphology (BET, TPR, XRD, TEM) in terms of their catalytic behavior allows us to draw general conclusions and determine the optimal conditions for the production of desired products. Application of the monometallic copper leads to the formation of cyclohexanone as the main product, but with low activity. On the other hand, Co/SiO2 shows high activity but gives cyclohexylamine. Bimetallic system CuCo(3:1)/SiO2 allows for the efficient production of 100% cyclohexanone at 5 bar and 75 °C

Catalytic Hydrogenation of Nitrocyclohexane with CuCo/SiO2 Catalysts in Gas and Liquid Flow Reactors

Catalytic hydrogenation of nitrocyclohexane proved to be an attractive alternative source of various chemical compounds: cyclohexanone oxime, cyclohexanone, cyclohexanol, cyclohexylamine and dicyclohexylamine. A growing interest in this reaction has been observed in the last few years. Herein, we present the catalytic performance of Cu/SiO2, Co/SiO2 and CuCo/SiO2 in gas and liquid flow nitrocyclohexane hydrogenation. The analysis of synthesized catalysts morphology (BET, TPR, XRD, TEM) in terms of their catalytic behavior allows us to draw general conclusions and determine the optimal conditions for the production of desired products. Application of the monometallic copper leads to the formation of cyclohexanone as the main product, but with low activity. On the other hand, Co/SiO2 shows high activity but gives cyclohexylamine. Bimetallic system CuCo(3:1)/SiO2 allows for the efficient production of 100% cyclohexanone at 5 bar and 75 °C

Probing the Reactive Intermediates in CO2 Hydrogenation on Ni/Al₂O₃ Catalysts with Modulation Excitation Spectroscopy

In-situ infrared spectroscopy is one of the most effective methods to study the surface species on solid catalysts. Still, it is sometimes difficult to identify the reactive intermediates because spectator species, the catalyst support, and experimental noise also contribute to the total spectra. In this study, we prepared three archetypical Ni/Al2O3 catalysts that showed significantly different catalytic activity and selectivity for CO2 hydrogenation, depending on the calcination and reduction temperature. After detailed characterization, we used a combination of Modulation Excitation-Phase Sensitive Detection-Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (ME-PSD-DRIFTS) and Steady State Isotopic Kinetic Analysis (SSITKA) to show that bicarbonates and formates are key reactive intermediates. Furthermore, we also observe carbonyls on the catalyst with the most metallic character and highest selectivity towards CH4. These results confirm that the hydrogenation of CO2 occurs in an associative and consecutive reaction pathway that is highly structure-sensitive. In this way, we also demonstrate how the simultaneous collection of spectroscopic and kinetic data during modulated or transient experiments is a powerful tool for investigating solid catalysts under realistic operation conditions