Stigma of Mental Illness as Cause of Divorce in Byzantium

In Byzantium mentally ill persons were stigmatized, despite the fact that they could live normally. This stigma consisted a very serious problem not only for the patients themselves, but also for their families.Through the legislation of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian and also the Leo's VI the Wise (9th – 10th A.C.) legislation, mental illness was a main health cause of divorce and it concerned both males and females.During these years men were treated different than women, which had to wait five years in order to get a divorce. On the opposite men had to wait only three years to get a divorce for the cause of mentally retarded wife

HEART FAILURE, DEPRESSION AND EXERCISE

Introduction: Patients with heart failure have high rates of physical disability, based on self-reported difficulty in performing daily living activities. Depression is also a disease entity that has a high co-morbidity in combination with heart failure. Beyond the usual medical care of heart failure, there is a plethora of research on the contribution of exercise to cardiovascular parameters and to the muscular system of patients with heart failure, its effect on their quality of life and relief of depression symptoms. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to highlight the positive effect of exercise on patients with heart failure experiencing depression. Methodology: The study material consisted of articles on the topic, found in Greek and international databases such as: Google Scholar, Mednet, Pubmed, Medline and the Hellenic Academic Libraries Association (HEAL-Link), using the appropriate keywords: heart failure, depression, exercise programs. Results: Depression affects the clinical course and prognosis of patients with heart failure. The coexistence of depression and chronic heart failure leads to an increase in mortality. The benefits of exercise, therefore, in patients with heart failure and depression have a positive impact on the patients' quality of life by contributing to increasing their functional status, reducing their re-admissions to the hospital and relieving the symptoms of depression. Conclusions: The high incidence of depression in patients with chronic heart failure requires measures to prevent it, such as exercise. Health professionals need to help patients understand their condition and follow therapeutic guidelines, as well as therapeutic exercise, which can improve their lifestyle and behavior, and help them prevent depression symptoms and promote their quality of life

IMMIGRATION AND MENTAL DISORDERS

Introduction: Immigration is the movement of people into a country where they will remain as its permanent residents or future citizens without having citizenship. Purpose: The purpose of this review study is to highlight the impact of immigration on the mental health of immigrants and to identify the mental disorders from which immigrants are at risk of getting ill. Methodology: The study material consisted of articles on the topic, found in Greek and international databases such as: Google Scholar, Mednet, Pubmed, Medline and the Hellenic Academic Libraries Association (HEAL-Link), using the appropriate keywords: mental illness, immigrants, treatment. Results: It is estimated that two-thirds of refugees - migrants experience anxiety and depression. Studies show that these are populations with severe social problems, unmet needs, and a range of mental health problems such as depression, panic attacks, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, suicidal ideation, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Conclusions: Addressing the mental health problems of immigrants and refugees can only be holistic. It requires much more psychosocial interventions and practical solutions, always combined with culturally appropriate psychological support methods

Sleep and Health: Role of Dopamine

Introduction: Sleep is an important part of people’s lives and proper sleep is a prerequisite for good health

NURSING IN BYZANTIUM

Η ΠΑΡΟΥΣΑ ΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΗ ΑΦΟΡΑ ΣΤΗ ΝΟΣΗΛΕΥΤΙΚΗ ΣΤΟ ΒΥΖΑΝΤΙΟ. ΤΟΝΙΖΕΤΑΙ ΟΤΙ Η ΚΥΡΙΑ ΣΥΜΒΟΛΗ ΤΟΥ ΒΥΖΑΝΤΙΟΥ ΕΙΝΑΙ Η ΙΔΡΥΣΗ ΝΟΣΟΚΟΜΕΙΩΝ, Η ΠΑΡΟΧΗ ΣΥΣΤΗΜΑΤΟΠΟΙΗΜΕΝΗΣ ΝΟΣΗΛΕΥΤΙΚΗΣ ΦΡΟΝΤΙΔΑΣ ΚΑΙ Η ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΙΑ ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΜΑΤΙΩΝ ΝΟΣΗΛΕΥΤΩΝ. ΓΙΑ ΠΡΩΤΗ ΦΟΡΑ ΠΑΡΕΧΟΝΤΑΙ ΟΛΟΙ ΟΙ ΟΡΟΙ ΤΩΝ ΑΤΟΜΩΝ ΠΟΥ ΕΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΠΟΙΟΥΝΤΟ ΓΙΑ ΝΟΣΗΛΕΥΤΕΣ. ΜΕΛΕΤΑΤΑΙ Η ΕΝΝΟΙΑ ΤΟΥ ΟΡΟΥ ΥΠΟΥΡΓΟΣ-ΥΠΟΥΡΓΙΣΣΑ. ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΝΤΑΙ ΟΙ ΟΡΟΙ ΠΑΡΑΝΟΣΟΚΟΜΟΣ ΚΑΙ ΦΛΕΒΟΤΟΜΟΣ. ΠΑΡΕΧΟΝΤΑΙ ΤΑ ΕΧΟΝΤΑ ΣΧΕΣΗ ΜΕ ΝΟΣΗΛΕΥΤΙΚΟ ΠΡΟΣΩΠΙΚΟ ΚΑΙ ΛΕΠΤΟΜΕΡΕΙΕΣ ΓΙΑ ΤΙΣ ΣΥΝΘΗΚΕΣ ΝΟΣΗΛΕΙΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΔΙΑΤΡΟΦΗΣ ΤΩΝ ΑΣΘΕΝΩΝ.THE MAIN CONTRIBUTION OF BYZANTIUM IN NURSING WAS THE CREATION OF HOSPITAL, THE SYSTEMATIC CARE FOR THE PATIENT AND THE ORIGINATION OF NURSING PROFESSION. A COMPLETE LIST OF THE TERMS USED FOR THE VARIOUS KIND OF NURSING PERSONNEL ARE GIVEN. THE TERMS ΠΑΡΑΝΟΣΟΚΟΜΟΣ AND ΦΛΕΒΟΤΟΜΟΣ ARE MENTIONED FOR THE FIRSTTIME. THE DUTIES, THE WORKING CONDITIONS AND THE COMPENSATION OF THE NURSINGSTAFF AS WELL AS THE CONDITIONS OF THE NURSING IN THE HOSPITALS ARE DESCRIBED

CHILD SUICIDE: FAMILY’S REACTIONS

Introduction: Suicide is a major public health problem, in which relatives play an important role in the prevention of the said problem. However, suicide and suicidal behavior affect the relatives’ lives profoundly, both emotionally and socially. Aim: This study is an initial investigation of families’ emotional and behavioral responses to adolescents’ suicide Methodology: An extensive literary review of relevant articles for the period 2000-2017, was performed using Medline, PubMed and Google databases, with the following key words: “child suicide, parent’s reactions, bereavement, risk factors, warnings sign, and mental health problems”. Results: Suicide is uncommon in childhood but becomes an extremely serious issue among adolescents. Several risk factors have been identified and include the presence of psychiatric illness, a previous suicide attempt, family factors, substance abuse, sexual and physical abuse, or bullying. The death of a child of any age is extremely painful for parents. Most parents experience a profound sense of guilt, shame, pain, depression when harm comes to their child, even if through no fault of their own. The same feelings are often present and are associated with help seeking in siblings bereaved by suicide. All of these factors lead to a devastating grief that is much longer lasting than most people realize. Conclusion: Families that have experienced a suicide present severe prolonged grief with many psychological and physical symptoms such as depression, feelings of guilt, shame, pain, heart failure, hypertension, diabetes. However, the psychosocial impact on families is a very important issue who needs further investigation

Forefoot Varus (FV) in Children

Introduction: Forefoot varus is a disease that occurs from birth and describes a situation in which the child#39s feet are turned towards its body.nbspPurpose: The purpose of this review is to present the forefoot varus disease in children.nbspMethodology: Extensive review of the recent literature in electronic databases (Pubmed, Google scholar) and journals, with the keywords: child and forefoot varus.nbspResults: Forefoot varus is a disease that describes a situation in which the child#39s feet are turned inwards. The foot deviates inwardly (varus) and downwards (equinus). The frequency of forefoot varus is estimated at 1-3 per 1000 live births and is more common in boys, and concerns both feet in 40% of the cases.nbspConclusions: Forefoot varus is a condition that must be diagnosed early to start treatment

Health and Dietary Supplements

Introduction: Nutritional supplements provide nutrients, which may not ingest in sufficient quantities. Dietary supplements may be vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids or other substances, and are present in the form of pills, tablets, capsules and liquids.nbspPurpose: The purpose of this review is to present the correlation of nutritional supplements to the human body through food, in order to protect and promote health.nbspReview Methods: The methodology of this study included search of review studies and research in leading databases such as PUBMED, MEDLINE and IATROTEK. The criterion for the selection of the articles was the Greek and English language, with keywords: nutrition, food supplements, health.nbspResults: It is true that today our diet is much richer than before. On the other hand, the abundance of processed food and ignorance of the basic principles of nutrition have led much of the population to an unbalanced diet. Thus, the phenomenon of a very rich food in calories and fat and poor in proteins, vitamins and minerals. So sometimes recommend the consumption of food supplements to meet these human needs. Nutritional supplements help in improving performance, physical appearance, to avoid making dangerous drugs and meet the increased needs of the organization or deficiencies in nutrients caused by and which cannot be met by normal diet.nbspConclusions: Consumption of food supplements should be done in moderation because their excess consumption can cause various side effects in the person#39s body