On classical state space realizability of bilinear inout-output differential equations

This paper studies the realizability property of continuous-time bilinear i/o equations in the classical state space form. Constraints on the parameters of the bilinear i/o model are suggested that lead to realizable models. The paper proves that the 2nd order bilinear i/o differential equation, unlike the discrete-time case, is always realizable in the classical state space form. The complete list of 3rd and 4th order realizable i/o bilinear models is given and two subclasses of realizable i/o bilinear systems are suggested. Our conditions rely basically upon the property that certain combinations of coefficients of the i/o equations are zero or not zero. We provide explicit state equations for all realizable 2nd and 3rd order bilinear i/o equations, and for one realizable subclass of bilinear i/o equations of arbitrary orde

Cattle Egrets and dry fish business in coastal areas

Cattle Egret is one of the common wetland birds in India known for its efficiency to make use of human interfered habitats. The present study is an attempt to document maggots of houseflies and calliphorids in the coastal sun drying fish yards and the role of the species in containing the vector species. The number of flies and maggots were found related with the visit of cattle egrets, demonstrating the importance of the species in controlling the vectors

Distribution and invasion ecology of Marenzelleria viridis in the Estonian Coastal Waters

The habitat selection and invasion of a new polychaete Marenzelleria viridis is described. Up to now the species has Iow biomass and abundance values in Estonian coastal waters. M. viridis prefers gravel substrate. The increase in the abundance of M. viridis coincides with the decline of that of another polychaete, Nereis diversicolor, in uniform habitats but not in the patchy environment. lt is likely that M. viridis may become a numerically dominant species in the zoobenthos of the region in the following years

Sequence determination of a satellite RNA isolated from Aspergillus foetidus

Aspergillus foetidus virus (AfV) has at least two distinct particle types, designated as AfV-fast (F) and AfV-slow (S). AfV-S includes AfV-S1, a victorivirus; AfV-S2, an unclassified satellite RNA; and AfV-S3, a previously uncharacterized dsRNA element. Here, we describe the complete sequence of AfV-S3, which is a short non-coding RNA with no known homologs. AfV-S3 is predicted to form an extended secondary structure, shares a 5’ terminus with AfV-S2, and is a satellite RNA possibly dependent on both AfV-S1 and AfV-S2. This work concludes the sequencing of the A. foetidus viromePeer reviewe

Fotografía y proceso de escritura en "Sete palabras" de Suso de Toro, "Soinujolearen semea" de Bernardo Atxaga y "La meitat de l’ànima" de Carme Riera

Abstract. Photography and the writing process in Sete palabras by Suso de Toro, La meitat de l’ànima by Carme Riera and Soinujolearen semea by Bernardo Atxaga. This paper aims to understand the function of pre-digital photography as described in contemporary metafiction. For this comparative analysis, I have selected three novels representing different cultures on the Iberian Peninsula and published in the 21st century: Sete palabras (Seven Words, 2009) by the Galician writer Suso de Toro (born in 1956), La meitat de l’ànima (Half the Soul, 2004) by the Catalan Carme Riera (born in 1948) and Soinujolearen semea (The Accordionist’s Son, 2003) by the Basque author Bernardo Atxaga (born in 1951). These three novels present a common feature in which the narrator (a writer born around 1950) writes a book in which he or she is, simultaneously, the sender of the written message (his or her book) and the receiver of the photography used during the writing process. In this construction of meaning, the writer re-contextualises the visual image and uses it for various proposes: to compare situations or characters, to verify discourses or facts, to identify someone, to preserve data in the record, or to communicate something. Sometimes, the photography does not accomplish its supposed function and does not help the writer to continue documenting or writing. In this case, the difficulty or impossibility of knowing the truth is emphasized. These photographies also have a narrative and structural function in the books, as they frequently demonstrate the text’s own self-awareness.         &nbsp

Identification and sequence determination of a novel double-stranded RNA mycovirus from the entopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassina

The final publication is available at Springer via https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-014-2332-8.An isolate of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana was found to contain five double-stranded (ds) RNA elements ranging from 1.5 to more than 3 kbp. The complete sequence of the largest dsRNA element is described here. Analysis of the RdRp nucleotide sequence reveals its similarity to unclassified dsRNA elements, such as Alternaria longipes dsRNA virus 1, and its distant relationship to the RNA-dependent RNA polymerases of members of the family PartitiviridaePeer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Identification, Molecular Characterization, and Biology of a Novel Quadrivirus Infecting the Phytopathogenic Fungus Leptosphaeria biglobosa.

Here we report the molecular characterisation of a novel dsRNA virus isolated from the filamentous, plant pathogenic fungus Leptosphaeria biglobosa and known to cause significant alterations to fungal pigmentation and growth and to result in hypervirulence, as illustrated by comparisons between virus-infected and-cured isogenic fungal strains. The virus forms isometric particles approximately 40–45 nm in diameter and has a quadripartite dsRNA genome structure with size ranges of 4.9 to 4 kbp, each possessing a single ORF. Sequence analysis of the putative proteins encoded by dsRNAs 1–4, termed P1–P4, respectively, revealed modest similarities to the amino acid sequences of equivalent proteins predicted from the nucleotide sequences of known and suspected members of the family Quadriviridae and for that reason the virus was nominated Leptosphaeria biglobosa quadrivirus-1 (LbQV-1). Sequence and phylogenetic analysis using the P3 sequence, which encodes an RdRP, revealed that LbQV-1 was most closely related to known and suspected quadriviruses and monopartite totiviruses rather than other quadripartite mycoviruses including chrysoviruses and alternaviruses. Of the remaining encoded proteins, LbQV-1 P2 and P4 are structural proteins but the function of P1 is unknown. We propose that LbQV-1 is a novel member of the family Quadriviridae.Peer reviewe

Studying with Successful Sensory Environments: A Pilot Study

Background/Purpose: Higher education institutions are facing pressure by state and federal authorities to retain and efficiently graduate students. The University of North Dakota (UND) has responded by implementing initiatives in light of declining retention rates within recent years. University of North Dakota’s approach focused on best teaching practices and classroom learning approaches versus individualized student programs for academic success. Studying With Successful Sensory Environments (SWSSE) is an individualized approach created within occupational therapy, which focuses on effective management of the environment through knowledge of sensory processing patterns to enhance focus and productivity in higher education. The purpose of this study was to pilot and refine SWSSE. Methodology: Chen’s (2005) Formative Evaluation Approach is a six-step method utilized to determine the usefulness of each step and formulate solutions to problems identified. Information was obtained through the use of participant surveys, therapist surveys, and therapist reflections. Four UND students who met inclusion criteria participated in this study. Approval from the UND Institutional Review Board was obtained. Findings: Major findings within the study include: (a) changing from a 6-step process to a 5-step process by combining the first and second sessions, (b) program flow chart and sensory profile results template creation to guide analysis and dissemination of assessment results, and (c) coaching methodology was instrumental for effective implementation of the program. Future research recommendations include pilot effectiveness studies on Studying With Successful Sensory Environments 2.0 and pilot projects for application within other environments

Impact of eutrophication and biological invasions on the structure and functions of benthic macrofauna

http://www.ester.ee/record=b1422327*es