Northern Eurasian large lakes history: sediment records obtained in the frame of Russian-German research project PLOT

Russian-German project PLOT (Paleolimnological Transect) aims at investigating the regional responses of the quaternary climate and environment on external forcing and feedback mechanisms along a more than 6000 km long longitudinal transect crossing Northern Eurasia. The well-dated record from Lake El´gygytgyn used as reference site for comparison the local climatic and environmental histories. Seismic surveys and sediment coring up to 54 m below lake floor performed in the frame of the project on Ladoga Lake (North-West of Russia; 2013), Lake Bolshoye Shchuchye (Polar Ural; 2016), Lake Levinson-Lessing and Lake Taymyr (Taymyr Peninsula; 2016-2017), Lake Emanda (Verkhoyansk Range; 2017). Fieldwork at Polar Ural and Taymyr Peninsula was conducted in collaboration with the Russian-Norwegian CHASE (Climate History along the Arctic Seaboard of Eurasia) project. Here, we present the major results of the project obtained so far

Processing of poultry farm waste by microbial conversion

The article presents the results of an analysis of modern research in the field of organic waste processing. To solve the problem, anaerobic bioconversion method was chosen. The data of experimental laboratory experiments on the selection of a consortium of microorganisms’ methanizing waste from poultry farms with maximum efficiency are presented

Self-Determination as a Mechanism for Personality Sustainability in Conditions of Daily Stress

During the COVID-19 pandemic, uncertainty, threat to life, and repeated lockdowns have significantly undermined people’s psychological well-being. In such situations, the basic needs for self-determination (SDT) are disrupted—autonomy, connectedness, and competence—but it is the resulting dissatisfaction that actualizes a search for strategies to cope with the problem. The objective of this article is to critically review the literature on various ways that people are coping with specific experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and their relationship to basic needs to maintain sustainability. We searched on the Web of Science CC database for relevant studies (2020–2021) and their systematization from the standpoint of Self-Determination Theory (SDT). This showed the dynamics of coping methods, reflecting a transition from confusion when confronted with stress, to the selection of effective strategies, confirming that when basic needs are blocked for a long time, people begin to search for a way to satisfy them. We present three levels of grouped coping methods: (1) physiological, (2) behavioral, and (3) cognitive, demonstrating their interrelationship with orientation (to oneself or to the context), assessment (a threat or a challenge), and basic psychological needs. The proposed model opens up prospects for creating effective coping and training programs for sustainable development of the individual in crisis situations

Self-Determination as a Mechanism for Personality Sustainability in Conditions of Daily Stress

During the COVID-19 pandemic, uncertainty, threat to life, and repeated lockdowns have significantly undermined people’s psychological well-being. In such situations, the basic needs for self-determination (SDT) are disrupted—autonomy, connectedness, and competence—but it is the resulting dissatisfaction that actualizes a search for strategies to cope with the problem. The objective of this article is to critically review the literature on various ways that people are coping with specific experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and their relationship to basic needs to maintain sustainability. We searched on the Web of Science CC database for relevant studies (2020–2021) and their systematization from the standpoint of Self-Determination Theory (SDT). This showed the dynamics of coping methods, reflecting a transition from confusion when confronted with stress, to the selection of effective strategies, confirming that when basic needs are blocked for a long time, people begin to search for a way to satisfy them. We present three levels of grouped coping methods: (1) physiological, (2) behavioral, and (3) cognitive, demonstrating their interrelationship with orientation (to oneself or to the context), assessment (a threat or a challenge), and basic psychological needs. The proposed model opens up prospects for creating effective coping and training programs for sustainable development of the individual in crisis situations

Particularities of the sustainable energy technologies and labour market in Russia

The energy sector is now experiencing a renaissance thanks to new opportunities offered by innovative technologies that are filling the market, for example in the field of storage and management of electrical energy. For the controlled development of distributed generation, maintaining the stability of the energy system while maintaining the price advantages of small generation, the speed of commissioning new power capacities and the scalability of the solutions used, a new subject of relations in the electricity market is proposed - an active energy complex. This is an energy system that is electrically connected within the general boundaries of the balance sheet membership, which includes energy receiving, generating, accumulating (if any), electric grid energy equipment and a control system for this energy system as a single complex in order to meet energy needs. There is a contradiction between the development of the labour market and the achievement of environmental well-being. On one hand, environmental pollution, depletion of natural capital has a negative impact on the state of the labour market, employment of the population, and on the other hand - activities to improve the environment, eliminate the accumulated environmental damage, the development of a market for environmental works, goods and services promote the expansion of employment, not only green, but general employment

Seismic stratigraphical record of Lake Levinson-Lessing, Taymyr Peninsula: evidence for ice-sheet dynamics and lake-level fluctuations since the Early Weichselian

A multi-channel, high-resolution seismic reflection survey using a Micro-GI airgun was carried out in the framework of the Russian-German project PLOT (Paleolimnological Transect) on Lake Levinson-Lessing, Taymyr Peninsula, in 2016. In total, similar to 70km of seismic reflection profiles revealed in unprecedented detail the glacial and postglacial sedimentary infill of the lake basin. Five main seismic units have been recognized and interpreted as glacial (Unit V), subglacial and proglacial (Unit IV), marine (Unit III), fluvial-lacustrine (Unit II) and lacustrine (Unit I) sediments. Of particular significance are imbricated, south-orientated structures present in the southernmost part of the lake basin within Unit V and a large topographic ridge recognized in front of those structures. We interpret these structures as push moraines and an end moraine, respectively, left by the glacier after its retreat. The depositional pattern of the units above the moraines documents past lake-level fluctuations. We interpret Unit IV, Unit III and Unit I as highstand deposits, and Unit II as lowstand deposits. Gas-charged sediments dominate the northern part of the lake basin, whilst they occur only sporadically and in limited spatial extent in the central and southern parts of the lake. In the latter areas, the seismic and echo-sounder data suggest recent tectonic activity. Our study contributes to the reconstruction of environmental conditions in the Taymyr Peninsula directly following the Early Weichselian deglaciation and shows that deep tectonic lake basins affected by several glaciations can preserve important palaeoenvironmental records, which contributes significantly to our understanding of palaeoenvironmental changes in the Taymyr Peninsula and the central Russian Arctic

Structure of Late Pleistocene and Holocene Sediments in the Petrozavodsk Bay, Lake Onego (NW Russia)

Here, we present new results from seismic, geological, and geochemical studies conducted in 2015–2019 in the Petrozavodsk Bay of Lake Onego, NW Russia. The aims of these investigations were to (i) to characterize the structure of Quaternary deposits and (ii) provide new evidence of modern geodynamic movements and gas-seepage in Holocene sediments. The structure of the recovered deposits was composed of lacustrine mud, silt and sands from the Holocene, limno-glacial clays (varved clays) from the Late Glacial–Interglacial Transition, and glacial deposits (till) from the Late Pleistocene. The thickness of these deposits varied in different parts of the bay. Many pockmarks created by gases escaping and reaching sediment-water interface were observed in these deposits. Such pockmarks can play a significant role in the geochemical and biological processes in the bottom sediment surface, and gases that escape might modify the physicochemical characteristics of the environment