80 research outputs found
ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ° Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ
The characteristics of different architectures antenna arrays with switchable radiation pattern (RP) are investigated. The results of design and development of S-band antenna systems with switchable RP based on planar emitters are presented. The obtained solution minimizes the size and the irregularity of RP in the azimuth plane while providing the required antenna gain. The results of measurements of a prototype are given that demonstrate the possibility of Wi-Fi router input signal increasing up to 10 dB compared to standard antennas.ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ Π°Π½ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ (ΠΠ). ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ S-Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π°Π½ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠ Π² Π°Π·ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π½ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°, Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Π° Π½Π° Π²Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Wi-Fi-ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎ 10 Π΄Π ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ
Π₯Π΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ β ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ: Π°Π½ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
The objective: to determine the quality of knowledges about the Helsinki Declaration on Patient Safety among Russian anesthesiologists and intensivists and how widely its vision and standards have been adopted in clinical practice.Subjects and Methods. The study design involved the creation of 44-item online and offline questionnaire. The questions were divided into three blocks: personal information, data on hospitals where respondents work, and questions about implementation of the Helsinki protocol in their practice. Some of the questions required open answers. Persons with higher medical education who have completed residency and/or internship in anesthesiology and resuscitation and are working in this field in the Russian Federation were invited to participate in the survey.Results. 140 (21.5%) respondents answered all the question of the questionnaire. Of those surveyed, 76.4% were familiar with the Helsinki Declaration on Patient Safety, but only 17.1% felt they had sufficient knowledge of the concept. 43.6% of the respondents apply the Helsinki Declaration on Patient Safety to their clinical practice, while 49.3% of the respondents had difficulty answering whether they follow the Declaration in their work or not. The study showed a satisfactory level of compliance with mandatory standards for monitoring in the perioperative period but all the EBA-recommended standards are applied in only 23% of the hospitals. 26.4% of the respondents use the Safe Surgery Checklist prepared by the World Health Organization. 58.6% of the respondents use the reporting/notification system for adverse events or critical conditions in the perioperative period.Conclusion. The survey has shown that many of the surveyed anesthesiologists and intensivists have good knowledge of the Helsinki Declaration on Patient Safety and successfully apply it to their clinical practice but some doctors do it unconsciously, not understanding what standards they follow. Organization of additional educational programs could help physicians to improve their knowledge and raise their awareness in order to provide safer patient care. We also suggest introduction of unified checklists and national reporting systems for adverse events or critical conditions in the perioperative period.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ
Π₯Π΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²-ΡΠ΅Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ, Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½ΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ (44 Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°) Π² ΠΎΠ½Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½- ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ»Π°ΠΉΠ½-ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠ½ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° ΡΡΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°: Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°. ΠΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² Π°Π½ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° Ρ Π²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Β«Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΒ» ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ° Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 140 (21,5%) ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². Π‘ Π₯Π΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎ 76,4% ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
Π»ΠΈΡΡ 17,1% ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ Π½ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π₯Π΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡ 43,6% ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
, Π° 49,3% Π·Π°ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡ, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ EBA, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² 23% ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
, 26,4% ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ Β«ΡΠ΅ΠΊ-Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈΒ» (Safe Surgery Checklist), ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π‘ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ/ΡΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ 58,6% ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ².ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄: ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²-ΡΠ΅Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π·Π½Π°ΡΡ ΠΎ Π₯Π΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½Π½ΠΎ, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΊ-Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅
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