1,054 research outputs found
Generative Adversarial Networks for Financial Trading Strategies Fine-Tuning and Combination
Systematic trading strategies are algorithmic procedures that allocate assets
aiming to optimize a certain performance criterion. To obtain an edge in a
highly competitive environment, the analyst needs to proper fine-tune its
strategy, or discover how to combine weak signals in novel alpha creating
manners. Both aspects, namely fine-tuning and combination, have been
extensively researched using several methods, but emerging techniques such as
Generative Adversarial Networks can have an impact into such aspects.
Therefore, our work proposes the use of Conditional Generative Adversarial
Networks (cGANs) for trading strategies calibration and aggregation. To this
purpose, we provide a full methodology on: (i) the training and selection of a
cGAN for time series data; (ii) how each sample is used for strategies
calibration; and (iii) how all generated samples can be used for ensemble
modelling. To provide evidence that our approach is well grounded, we have
designed an experiment with multiple trading strategies, encompassing 579
assets. We compared cGAN with an ensemble scheme and model validation methods,
both suited for time series. Our results suggest that cGANs are a suitable
alternative for strategies calibration and combination, providing
outperformance when the traditional techniques fail to generate any alpha
Collapse of a lipid-coated nanobubble and subsequent liposome formation
We investigate the collapse of a lipid-coated nanobubble and subsequent formation of a lipid vesicle by coarse grained molecular dynamics simulations. A spherical nanobubble coated with a phospholipid monolayer in water is a model of an aqueous dispersion of phospholipids under negative pressure during sonication. When subjected to a positive pressure, the bubble shape deforms into an irregular spherical shape and the monolayer starts to buckle and fold locally. The local folds grow rapidly in multiple directions and forming a discoidal membrane with folds of various amplitudes. Folds of small amplitude disappear in due course and the membrane develops into a unilamellar vesicle via a bowl shape. Folds with large amplitude develop into a bowl shape and a multivesicular shape forms. The membrane shape due to bubble collapse can be an important factor governing the vesicular shape during sonication
A high-level overview of AI ethics
Artificial intelligence (AI) ethics is a field that has emerged as a response to the growing concern regarding the impact of AI. It can be read as a nascent field and as a subset of the wider field of digital ethics, which addresses concerns raised by the development and deployment of new digital technologies, such as AI, big data analytics, and blockchain technologies. The principle aim of this article is to provide a high-level conceptual discussion of the field by way of introducing basic concepts and sketching approaches and central themes in AI ethics. The first part introduces concepts by noting what is being referred to by “AI” and “ethics”, etc.; the second part explores some predecessors to AI ethics, namely engineering ethics, philosophy of technology, and science and technology studies; the third part discusses three current approaches to AI ethics namely, principles, processes, and ethical consciousness; and finally, the fourth part discusses central themes in translating ethics in to engineering practice. We conclude by summarizing and noting the inherent interdisciplinary future directions and debates in AI ethics
The interrelation between data and AI ethics in the context of impact assessments
In the growing literature on artificial intelligence (AI) impact assessments, the literature on data protection impact assessments is heavily referenced. Given the relative maturity of the data protection debate and that it has translated into legal codification, it is indeed a natural place to start for AI. In this article, we anticipate directions in what we believe will become a dominant and impactful forthcoming debate, namely, how to conceptualise the relationship between data protection and AI impact. We begin by discussing the value canvas i.e. the ethical principles that underpin data and AI ethics, and discuss how these are instantiated in the context of value trade-offs when the ethics are applied. Following this, we map three kinds of relationships that can be envisioned between data and AI ethics, and then close with a discussion of asymmetry in value trade-offs when privacy and fairness are concerned
Optimal Dynamic Strategies on Gaussian Returns
Dynamic trading strategies, in the spirit of trend-following or
mean-reversion, represent an only partly understood but lucrative and pervasive
area of modern finance. Assuming Gaussian returns and Gaussian dynamic weights
or signals, (e.g., linear filters of past returns, such as simple moving
averages, exponential weighted moving averages, forecasts from ARIMA models),
we are able to derive closed-form expressions for the first four moments of the
strategy's returns, in terms of correlations between the random signals and
unknown future returns. By allowing for randomness in the asset-allocation and
modelling the interaction of strategy weights with returns, we demonstrate that
positive skewness and excess kurtosis are essential components of all positive
Sharpe dynamic strategies, which is generally observed empirically; demonstrate
that total least squares (TLS) or orthogonal least squares is more appropriate
than OLS for maximizing the Sharpe ratio, while canonical correlation analysis
(CCA) is similarly appropriate for the multi-asset case; derive standard errors
on Sharpe ratios which are tighter than the commonly used standard errors from
Lo; and derive standard errors on the skewness and kurtosis of strategies,
apparently new results. We demonstrate these results are applicable
asymptotically for a wide range of stationary time-series.Comment: Accepted by Journal of Investment Strategies. arXiv admin note: text
overlap with arXiv:1905.0502
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