Reduction in cardiovascular disease events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with a sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor versus a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor: A real-world retrospective administrative database analysis in Japan

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the benefit of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without a CVD history.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used Japanese hospital administrative data from the Medical Data Vision database (January 2015 to April 2020). Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=625,739) who were new users of an SGLT2i (n=57,070; 9.1%) or DPP4i (n=568,669; 90.9%) were included. Outcomes included hospitalization for heart failure (hHF), all-cause death (ACD) and the composite of hHF or ACD. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using the inverse probability weighting Cox proportional hazards model to compare CVD event risks between treatment groups.RESULTS: Compared with DPP4i, SGLT2i was associated with a significant reduction in hHF risk among patients without a CVD history (HR 0.507, 95% confidence interval 0.283–0.907), but not in the full cohort or those with a CVD history. SGLT2i was associated with a significant risk reduction of ACD (HR 0.592, 95% confidence interval 0.481–0.729) and the composite of hHF or ACD (HR 0.712, 95% confidence interval 0.613–0.826), compared with DPP4i in the full cohort; similar results were observed among patients with and without a CVD history.CONCLUSION: In this real-world study, SGLT2i versus DPP4i was associated with a significant reduction in hHF, ACD and hHF or ACD events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without a CVD history

First measurement of ν¯μ and νμ charged-current inclusive interactions on water using a nuclear emulsion detector

精密測定により素粒子ニュートリノの謎の解明を目指すNINJA実験の物理解析が開始. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2020-10-21.This paper reports the track multiplicity and kinematics of muons, charged pions, and protons from charged-current inclusive ¯νμ and νμ interactions on a water target, measured using a nuclear emulsion detector in the NINJA experiment. A 3-kg water target was exposed to the T2K antineutrino-enhanced beam corresponding to 7.1×1020 protons on target with a mean energy of 1.3 GeV. Owing to the high granularity of the nuclear emulsion, protons with momenta down to 200  MeV/c from the neutrino-water interactions were detected. We find good agreement between the observed data and model predictions for all kinematic distributions other than the number of charged pions and the muon kinematics shapes. These results demonstrate the capability of measurements with nuclear emulsion to improve neutrino interaction models

The recovery of CO from converter exhaust gas and its application as a bottom stirring gas

22.00; Translated from Japanese (R and D, Kobe Seiko Giho 1986 v. 36(1) p. 28-30)SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:9022.06(BISI--25109)T / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo