On the presentation of the LHC Higgs Results

We put forth conclusions and suggestions regarding the presentation of the LHC Higgs results that may help to maximize their impact and their utility to the whole High Energy Physics community.Comment: Conclusions from the workshops "Likelihoods for the LHC Searches", 21-23 January 2013 at CERN, "Implications of the 125 GeV Higgs Boson", 18-22 March 2013 at LPSC Grenoble, and from the 2013 Les Houches "Physics at TeV Colliders" workshop. 16 pages, 3 figures. Version 2: Comment added on the first publication of signal strength likelihoods in digital form by ATLA

Hadronic top-quark pair production in association with two jets at Next-to-Leading Order QCD

We report on the calculation of the next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the production of ttbar pairs in association with two hard jets at the Fermilab TeVatron and CERN Large Hadron Collider. Results for the integrated and differential cross sections are given. The corrections with respect to leading order are negative and moderate. A study of the scale dependence of our NLO predictions indicates that the residual theoretical uncertainty, due to higher order corrections, is 21% for the TeVatron and 15% for the LHC. In case of the TeVatron, the forward-backward asymmetry of the top quark is calculated for the first time at next-to-leading order. With the inclusive selection of cuts, this asymmetry amounts to A_FB = -10.3% at leading order and A_FB = -4.6% at next-to-leading order. All results presented in this paper have been obtained with the help of the HELAC-NLO package.Comment: 18 pages, 18 figures and 13 table

Microcirculation parameters of the damaged segment of the lower extremity after treatment of diaphyseal fractures using a locked intramedullary nail

Background. An in-depth analysis of the scientific works of scientists and medical practitioners allows us to conclude that locked nail intramedullary osteosynthesis is  the optimal and the most effective method of treating closed diaphyseal fractures of the lower leg bones, which is caused by the high stability of osteosynthesis and minimal damage to soft tissues during surgery. The processes of microcirculation changes in the early postoperative period by various metal structures, including a locked intramedullary nail, still remain unexplored. In particular, there is insufficient data on the use of a locked intramedullary nail. The aim of the study. To identify the features of changes in microcirculation indices of injured lower leg bones during fixation of fragments with a locked intramedullary nail in the early postoperative period. Materials and methods. The microcirculation of the lower limb segment was studied in 25 patients using laser Doppler flowmetry. Data from 25 healthy volunteers were used as a comparison group. Results. It was found that in the early postoperative period, from day 1 to day 10, in patients with diaphyseal fractures of the lower leg bones operated with locked nail intramedullary osteosynthesis, there is a decrease in the cardiac range, an increase in the share of the shunt component of microcirculation compared to the nutritional share, as well as an increase in more than 1 ratio of the cardiac and respiratory range amplitude, which indicates an ischemia type of local circulatory disorder. Compensation of ischemia is done by anastomoses, since the bypass rate is increased. Conclusion. In case of surgical treatment with locked nail intramedullary osteosynthesis, in the early postoperative period, an ischemic type of compensated local circulatory disorder develops. The regeneration process takes place under conditions of reduced arterial microcirculation blood flow and stable venous outflow, as well as the inclusion of anastomoses to compensate for destroyed vessels, which is associated with nail damage to the internal blood flow of the bone endosteum and intraosseous nutrient artery during the surgery

Change of the composition of splenic lymphocytes at the effect of argentogalactomanann and argento-poly-1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole on the experimental animals

The article presents the results of the research of effect of metal-containing nanocomposites on the content of splenic Band T-lymphocytes of white mice. Phenotypic analysis of the spleen cells suspension was conducted by flow cytometry on BD FACSCanto ™ П. Stimulating effect of these medications on the immune response formation is showed and is proved by the increase of content of B-lymphocytes and T-helper cells and it indicates cooperative interactions between the cells of immune system. It was experimentally showed that the medications 2-N-HTP-Ag, GM-Ag can be recommended for the further research in order to increase protective properties of an organism

Changes in immunocompetent guinea pigs immunizing with Francisella Tularensislipopoly-saccharide

Influence of Francisella tularensis lipopolysaccharide preparations on morphological changes in immunocompetent experimental animals was studied by subcutaneous introduction using survey microscopy and morphometric methods. Low expressed activation of B- and T-dependent bands in immunocompetent organs was determined. Proliferation of antigen-presented cells at early stages of investigation indicates the cell immunity activation. Pathomorphological alterations caused by lipopolysaccharide inoculation are homogeneous and benignant

ACTION OF 1-VINYL-1,2,4-TRIAZOLE COPOLYMER WITH N-VINYLPIROLIDONE AND METAL-CONTAINING NANOCOMPOSITES ON FUNCTIONAL STATE OF PHAGOCYTIC CELLS

The creation of immuno-biological drugs to increase the effectiveness of specific immunotherapy and immunoprophylaxis is a current trend in medicine to date. Therefore, the search and development of new safe and effective artificial bioorganic complexes (immunomodulators) capable of stimulating individual responses of immune system to reduce infectious morbidity is an important area of research. At the moment, such promising preparations can be considered water-soluble polymeric materials and organo-inorganic polymer nanocomposites with nanoparticles of various metals which possess immunomodulating and bactericidal properties. The study results of the effects of 1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole copolymer with N-vinylpyrrolidone and nanocomposites based on it with gold and silver nanoparticles on acute toxicity and functional state of immunophagocytic cells of experimental animals, as well as the production of IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-4 by human blood lymphocytes are represented in this article. It was established that the tested preparations do not cause increase in body temperature, decrease in mass and death of animals. It was shown that they also have the multidirectional action on cytokine production by human blood cells in vitro, the ability to increase activity of оxidative stress-related enzymes and antioxidant protection of phagocytes. The data obtained by us allow to explain the need for further investigation of the actions of nanocomposites and copolymer in vitro and in vivo

Changes in Indicators of Microcirculation in the Early Postoperative Period in the Treatment of Diaphyseal Fractures of the Shin Bones Using a Plate with Limited Contact

Background. Unsatisfactory results of treatment, such as delayed consolidation and non-fusion of fractures, the formation of false joints and limb bone defects, have no tendency to decrease. We can assume that one of the leading factors of complications in traumatology is a violation of microcirculation in the affected segment of the limb.Aims. To identify patterns of changes in the parameters of the microcirculatory bed of the damaged segment of the lower limb when fixing bone fragments with a plate with limited contact in the early period after surgery.Materials and methods. In 25 patients, we studied four parameters of microcirculation of the lower limb segment with application of laser Doppler flowmetry. The control group consisted of 25 healthy volunteers, comparable in age and sex with the study group.Results. We found that in the early postoperative period (from the first to the 10th day after the surgery) in patients with diaphyseal fractures of the tibia operated with metal plate with limited contact there was an increase in microcirculation by 75.69 %, an increase in the proportion of the nutritive component of microcirculation compared to the shunt fraction by 24.64 %, as well as an increase in more than one ratio of the amplitude of the heart and respiratory range. All of that indicates a local circulatory disorder in the nutritive arterial hyperemia. We note that the increase in the amplitude of the respiratory component by 17.22 % and the equality of the amplitude of the cardiac range compared with the control group indicate violations of local blood circulation by the type of venous stagnation.Conclusion. On the basis of the results obtained, we note that patients with diaphyseal fractures of the shin bones treated with metal osteosynthesis with a plate with limited contact in the early postoperative period develop a violation of local blood circulation in the stagnant-hyperemic type

Assessment of Toxic and Immunoadjuvant Properties of Nanocomposites

Introduction. The current direction in medicine is the creation of immunobiological preparations to increase the effectiveness of specific immunotherapy and immunoprophylaxis, containing immunomodulators in their composition. These natural or synthetic substances can have a regulating effect on the immune system. At present, water-soluble organic-inorganic polymeric materials with nanoparticles of various chemical substances with bactericidal and immunomodulating properties can serve as such promising compounds.The aimof the work is to study the acute toxicity of polymer nanocomposites based on 1-vinil-1,2,4-triazole copolymer with N-vinylpyrrolidone with silver, gold and selenium nanoparticles and their effect on the functional state of immune system cells in vitro.Materials and methods.The study of acute toxicity was performed on outbred white mice. The activity of superoxide dismutase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were studied in guinea pig peritoneal macrophages. The study of spontaneous and nanocomposite-induced production of pro- (interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha) and anti-inflammatory (interleukin-4) cytokines by blood cells was carried out using clinical material obtained from volunteers using the ELISA method. Results. It has been established that nanocomposites with silver and gold nanoparticles do not cause the death of white mice, their temperature increase and body weight decrease. The average lethal dose for a nanocomposite with selenium nanoparticles was determined as 1 gram per 1 kilogram of animal mass. It was shown that the tested nanocomposites have a stimulating effect on the production of cytokines by human blood cells in vitro. It was established that a nanocomposite with selenium nanoparticles increases the activity of superoxide dismutase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. A comparative analysis of their actions with the actions of commercial preparations of biological origin, with immunomodulatory properties.Conclusion. The data obtained allow us to substantiate the need for further research on the effects of nanocomposites based on 1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole copolymer with N-vinylpyrrolidone with silver, gold and selenium nanoparticles on the macroorganism in both in vitro and in vivo conditions

Assessment of indicators of specific humoral immune against COVID-19 in children during the distribution of a new coronavirus infection in the Irkutsk region (2020–2021)

Background. There are many aspects of the development of immunity to the SARSCoV-2 virus, that remain poorly understood, like the influence of age-related characteristics on the intensity of immunity and the course of the disease. Studies of the state of immunity are widely used, mainly in the adults. But questions of the patho- and immunogenesis in children remain unsolved. Determining the nature of seroconversion of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in this age group is important information for serological monitoring for targeted immunoprophylaxis of the population and forecasting the epidemic situation in the region.The aim. Evaluation of the dynamics of seroprevalence of specific antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in children of the Irkutsk region during the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection.Materials and methods. Study was conducted among the child population of the Irkutsk region in the period June 2020 – December 2021 as part of the Rospotrebnadzor project to assess population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in the population of the Russian Federation. The content of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was determined by ELISA using native commercial test systems.Results. Population immunity among the child population of the Irkutsk region was characterized by an upward trend from 7.8 % at stage 1 to 98.4 % at stage 6 of the study. IgG to SARS-CoV-2 remained in 72.8 % and formed in 25.6 % of previously seronegative children. Antibodies were detected in 66.1 % of cases and persisted for up to 10–15 months after COVID-19 infection. The proportion of asymptomatic forms of infection among seropositive volunteers was 69.5 %, which determines the high intensity of the latent epidemic process.Conclusion. The level of seroprevalence was 98.4%. The current results of serological monitoring serve as a scientific basis for adjusting the list and scope of management decisions on the organization of preventive anti-epidemic measures, including vaccination

Changes in cellular components of peritoneal fluid of white mice with infection caused by Yersinia pestis with different plasmid profile

The article presents the data on the influence of Yersinia pestis plasmid profile on subpopulation structure of mononuclear cells of peritoneal fluid of mice at the early stages of infectious process. It was showed that change of cellular composition of peritoneal fluid of the experimental animals depended on the plasmid profile of Yersinia pestis strains. The phase character in the changes of quantitative composition of the mast cells of peritoneal fluid of white mice infected with Y. pestis strains with different plasmid spectrum was determined