NEUROCOGNITIVE DEFICIT CHANGES IN RELATION TO THE COURSE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA AND SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDERS: 5-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY

Cognitive deficit is present in most of schizophrenia cases and even better explains functional outcomes then positive and negative symptoms. There have been less consensus regarding the long-term course of cognitive functioning after onset of the illness. In our study we used a neuropsychological test battery based on Luria`s systematic approach in testing of patients at their first episode of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders and during 5-year follow-up. The results indicated that patients with various types of course of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders and hence, good and poor outcomes demonstrated different patterns of dynamic of cognitive decline during the follow-up

NEUROCOGNITIVE DEFICIT CHANGES IN RELATION TO THE COURSE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA AND SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDERS: 5-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY

Cognitive deficit is present in most of schizophrenia cases and even better explains functional outcomes then positive and negative symptoms. There have been less consensus regarding the long-term course of cognitive functioning after onset of the illness. In our study we used a neuropsychological test battery based on Luria`s systematic approach in testing of patients at their first episode of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders and during 5-year follow-up. The results indicated that patients with various types of course of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders and hence, good and poor outcomes demonstrated different patterns of dynamic of cognitive decline during the follow-up

Neurocognitive functioning in schizophrenia and during the early phases of psychosis: targeting cognitive remediation interventions.

Recent interest in the early course of schizophrenia accentuated altered cognition prior to the onset. Ultrahigh risk (UHR) individuals with attenuated positive symptoms and transient psychotic episodes demonstrate neurocognitive deficits across multiple domains such as memory, executive functioning, and processing speed which are consistent with similar disturbances identified in patients with a first episode of schizophrenia. Cognitive remediation (CR) approaches representing a broad set of activities are aimed to restore or improve cognitive functioning. CR proved to be effective in modulating the cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia but is rarely used in ultrahigh risk individuals. From the clinical prospective, a better understanding of cognitive functioning in at-risk states is essential for the development of optimal early intervention models. In the review, we highlight the intervention targets, notably the specific cognitive deficits in at risk individuals which preceed the transition to psychosis and emphasize the need of the additional studies using CR approaches in UHR group aiming to enhance cognition and therefore mediate functional improvement.Peer Reviewe

Neurocognitive Functioning in Schizophrenia and during the Early Phases of Psychosis: Targeting Cognitive Remediation Interventions

Recent interest in the early course of schizophrenia accentuated altered cognition prior to the onset. Ultrahigh risk (UHR) individuals with attenuated positive symptoms and transient psychotic episodes demonstrate neurocognitive deficits across multiple domains such as memory, executive functioning, and processing speed which are consistent with similar disturbances identified in patients with a first episode of schizophrenia. Cognitive remediation (CR) approaches representing a broad set of activities are aimed to restore or improve cognitive functioning. CR proved to be effective in modulating the cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia but is rarely used in ultrahigh risk individuals. From the clinical prospective, a better understanding of cognitive functioning in at-risk states is essential for the development of optimal early intervention models. In the review, we highlight the intervention targets, notably the specific cognitive deficits in at risk individuals which preceed the transition to psychosis and emphasize the need of the additional studies using CR approaches in UHR group aiming to enhance cognition and therefore mediate functional improvement

Disclosure of Information in Risk Reporting in the Context of the Sustainable Development Concept

In the context of the global financial crisis and pandemic, issues related to risk management are of paramount importance, which requires the creation of an effective risk management system and disclosure of information regarding risks in the reporting of commercial organizations, focused on the information needs of stakeholders. This article is aimed at studying the existing practice of disclosing information regarding risks in the financial and non-financial statements of Russian companies. The study is based on the analysis of the current practice of disclosure of information regarding risks in Russia and abroad. Using the analysis of risk disclosure in 210 Russian commercial organizations, the study was aimed, foremost, at identifying factors influencing the format and quality of risk disclosure in financial and non-financial reporting, and secondly, at summarizing the practices of risk disclosure in integrated reporting in Russian organizations and the benefits of using integrated reporting. In this sense, the article contributes to the existing literature as an innovative study that determines the directions of development of the methodology for disclosing information regarding risks in integrated reporting in order to improve its quality and information content in accordance with the Concept of value Creation by the organization in combination with the Concept of Sustainable Development. For stakeholders, this study emphasizes the fact that, in the context of the risk disclosure format used, the quality of this information depends on a number of factors (organizational, technological, legal, cultural, economic). The study could be useful for managers and decision makers whose aim is to implement the Concept of Sustainable Development and the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals