Prospects for Creation of Cardioprotective and Antiarrhythmic Drugs Based on Opioid Receptor Agonists

It has now been demonstrated that the μ, δ(1), δ(2), and κ(1) opioid receptor (OR) agonists represent the most promising group of opioids for the creation of drugs enhancing cardiac tolerance to the detrimental effects of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Opioids are able to prevent necrosis and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes during I/R and improve cardiac contractility in the reperfusion period. The OR agonists exert an infarct‐reducing effect with prophylactic administration and prevent reperfusion‐induced cardiomyocyte death when ischemic injury of heart has already occurred; that is, opioids can mimic preconditioning and postconditioning phenomena. Furthermore, opioids are also effective in preventing ischemia‐induced arrhythmias

Ternary system of C-60 and C-70 with 1,2-dimethylbenzene

Differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray, and solubility measurements were used to study phase equilibria in the ternary system C-60-C-70-1,2-dimethylbenzene up to the boiling point of the solvent. Formation of the two ternary phases was confirmed. Partial solubilities of C-60 and C-70 were measured and calculated

C-60 center dot bromobenzene solvate: Crystallographic and thermochemical studies and their relationship to C-60 solubility in bromobenzene

Differential scanning calorimetry, solution calorimetry, and room-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction were used to study the thermodynamic and structural properties of a solvated crystal C-60. 2C(6)H(5)Br. In the monoclinic solvate, two orientations of C-60 were observed with fractional populations of 0.71 and 8.29. The enthalpy of solution of pure C-60 in bromobenzene was determined to be Delta(sol)H[C-60(s)] = -11.5 +/- -2.0 W/mol. The enthalpy of solution of the solvated crystal was Delta(sol)H[C-60. 2C(6)H(5)Br(s)] = +28 +/- 1 kJ/mol. The phase diagram of the system C-60-C6H5Br for T < 423 K was constructed. It predicts the existence of a maximum in the temperature-solubility relationship for C-60 in bromobenzene at 350 K. The activity of bromobenzene vapor over the solvated crystal is predicted to be reduced from its value over the pure liquid by a factor of 3.5