Scientific and Applied Aspects of Regulating of High-Viscosity Oil

Pipeline transportation of oil is considered to be one of the basic and cost-effective ways of their delivery to the place of consumption. Moreover, in the case of using electricity, the higher the viscosity of the transported oil is, the more power consumption is. For pipeline transport, it is characterized the movement of the oil in an isothermal mode, in which it changes its rheological properties, moving from a Newtonian fluid at high temperatures of the transported flow to a non- Newtonian one. In Russia, it has not been created a sufficiently rigorous theory of motion of highly viscous flows so far

Obtaining of bitumen emulsions using nonionic surface-active substances

Background: One of the trends concerning an effective use of large-tonnage and yet scarce binder as bitumen is a considerable introduction of bitumen emulsions in water into the practice of road and civil construction. Methods: The paper presents the experimental data on the research of bituminous emulsions, the physical-chemical properties of an original BND bitumen 60/90 from Zyuzeevsky NBZ and the bitumen residue there of. Results: The resulting emulsions were highly stable and were referred to slowly structured (slowly decomposing) ones, which may be used in the preparation of cold bituminous mineral mixtures of different density used for storage, the strengthening of soils, dust removal from roads. These emulsions had a viscous consistency that may be used for solving the problem of bitumen emulsions application to an inclined surface. Bituminous residues differ by the improvement of a film binder adhesion performance with mineral material (adhesion) without the use of additional adhesion additives. Conclusion: The use of such a component, which also has an emulsifying ability and an adhesion effect, an increased resistance to delamination and coalescence of an emulsion during storage, bitumen saving and the environmental rate

Comparative Characteristics of the Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence in Patients With Schizophrenia in Three Western Siberia Psychiatric Hospitals

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of MetS and the associated sociodemographic, clinical, and pharmacotherapeutic characteristics of patients with schizophrenia in three psychiatric hospitals in the West Siberian region. Methods: Patients with a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia (ICD-10: F20) and an age between 18 and 60 years were included in the study after giving informed consent. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. This research was carried out at three Western Siberian psychiatric hospitals in Kemerovo, Tomsk, and Omsk. The study population included respectively 94, 131, and 91 inpatients with schizophrenia. We carried out schizophrenia symptoms assessment by PANSS, antipsychotic therapy evaluation, anthropometry, and biochemical analysis. Statistical Analysis included the Shapiro–Wilk test, non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis H-test for independent samples, Mann–Whitney U-test for independent samples, the chi-square test, stepwise multiple regression analyses. The level of significance was p < 0.05. Results: The metabolic syndrome prevalence was higher among patients in Tomsk (36.6%), compared with Kemerovo (20.2%, p = 0.008) or Omsk (18.7%, p = 0.004), mainly due to the high prevalence of abdominal obesity, while men from Tomsk were more susceptible to this condition than men from other regions (p < 0.05). Patients from Omsk had the highest severity schizophrenia symptoms according to PANSS, and patients from Tomsk had the lowest severity of positive symptoms according to PANSS. Patients from Tomsk had the minimum duration of antipsychotic therapy compared with the patient from Kemerovo (p = 0.017) and from Omsk (p = 0.000019), but most patients from Tomsk received second-generation atypical antipsychotics, while patients from Omsk received mainly conventional antipsychotics (p = 0.0001). Multiple regression analysis showed that metabolic syndrome associated with schizophrenia duration and body mass index, although the association was not so strong (adjusted R(2) = 0.2435, p < 0.0001). Discussion: The study illustrates that in different psychiatric hospitals within the same region, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia can vary significantly, which dictates the need to look for opportunities to minimize the risk of its occurrence, taking into account the experience of each hospital