MMSR: Multiple-Model Learned Image Super-Resolution Benefiting From Class-Specific Image Priors

Assuming a known degradation model, the performance of a learned image super-resolution (SR) model depends on how well the variety of image characteristics within the training set matches those in the test set. As a result, the performance of an SR model varies noticeably from image to image over a test set depending on whether characteristics of specific images are similar to those in the training set or not. Hence, in general, a single SR model cannot generalize well enough for all types of image content. In this work, we show that training multiple SR models for different classes of images (e.g., for text, texture, etc.) to exploit class-specific image priors and employing a post-processing network that learns how to best fuse the outputs produced by these multiple SR models surpasses the performance of state-of-the-art generic SR models. Experimental results clearly demonstrate that the proposed multiple-model SR (MMSR) approach significantly outperforms a single pre-trained state-of-the-art SR model both quantitatively and visually. It even exceeds the performance of the best single class-specific SR model trained on similar text or texture images.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE ICIP 2022 Conferenc

Current status of myocardial perfusion imaging radiopharmaceuticals for SPECT and PET imaging modalities

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death and remains a major health problem worldwide. Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with single photon emission tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) has been established as the main functional nuclear cardiology noninvasive technique for CAD over the past years. The studies has been shown that the use of MPI as a useful and important imaging modality for the diagnosis, risk stratification and treatment planning for CAD. The purpose of this article is to review properties of the radiopharmaceuticals used for myocardial perfusion imaging with SPECT and PET

Sleep-Related Eating Disorder (SRED) in a Patient Admitted with Weight Gain Due to Eating Periods During Sleep

Sleep related eating disorder (SRED) is classified as a parasomnia seen mostly during non-REM sleep stage. Clinical complications of SRED are obesity and metabolic disease. Although SRED is seen in approximately 5% of the general population, it is thought that SRED is most often underdiagnosed. Herein, we present a case of SRED

Topiramate Induced Restless Legs Syndrome: Case Report

Several medications can exacerbate or cause Restless Legs syndrome (RLS). Topiramate is an antiepileptic drug used to epilepsy and migraine treatment. In literature, number of case with topiramate induced RLS is very rare. Herein, we present the case with topiramate induced RLS, in which the case takes to topiramate for migraine prophylaxis. However, how topiramate causes RLS is exactly unknown. Probably, topiramate has an antidopaminergic effect

Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue: A Rare Tumor in an Unusual Location

Spindle cell carcinoma is a rare biphasic tumor consisting of epithelial and mesenchymal components. Presence of this tumor type in the tongue has rarely been reported. Herein, a case of 55-year-old woman who presented with a polypoid lesion at her tongue has been reported. Surgery was performed and pathologic examination revealed a spindle cell carcinoma. We present this rare tumor with an unusual location to contribute in part to the better understanding and awareness of this rare malignancy

Proximal tibiofibular joint arthrodesis due to recurrent giant ganglion cyst causing peroneal nerve palsy

Ganglion cysts are masses that we encounter frequently in our daily practice, usually in the upper extremity, less frequently in the lower extremities, and rarely cause compression symptoms. We present a case of a massive ganglion cyst of the lower limb causing peroneal nerve compression, managed with excision and proximal tibiofibular joint arthrodesis to prevent recurrence.Examination and radiological imaging of a 45-year-old female patient who was admitted to our clinic showed new-onset weakness in right foot movements and numbness on the dorsum of the foot and lateral cruris, a mass consistent with a ganglion cyst expanding the muscle was detected in the peroneus longus muscle. In the first surgery, the cyst was carefully resected. After three months, the patient came with a repeated mass on the lateral side of the knee. After confirmation of the ganglion cyst with clinical examination and MRI, a second surgery was planned for the patient. In this stage, we performed a proximal tibiofibular arthrodesis for the patient. Her symptoms recovered during the early follow-up period and no recurrence occurred during the two years of the follow-up period.Although the treatment of ganglion cysts seems easy, it can sometimes be challenging. We think that arthrodesis may be a good treatment option in recurrent cases

The use of external fixator and iliac crest bone graft in traumatic metacarpal bone defect

Introduction: Metacarpal bone fractures often lead to significant shortening in the phalanges; it can be caused by variable conditions, ranging from idiopathic, and infective to traumatic causes. There are very rare reports of metacarpals shortening in idiopathic primary hypoparathyroidism cases in the literature. Traumatic metacarpal shortening differs from congenital agenesis [2]. This condition leads to both functional and cosmetic limitations which affect the patient's quality of life. Case report: A 22-year-old male patient was admitted to our outpatient clinic with a traumatic left-hand fracture that caused a bone defect in the second metacarpal shaft leading to bone loss, shortening and flexion limitation in the second finger of the left hand, and a flexion contracture in the first metacarpophalangeal joint. For the treatment plan, an external fixator was set on the second metacarpal of the left hand for a 23 mm elongation over a period of 58 days, elongation rate was organized as 1 mm/day. After achieving the planned elongation, another operation was planned for the reconstruction of the bone defect that has occurred due to trauma in the second metacarpal bone. An osteotomy was performed for extracting an iliac crest graft and inserting it into the bone defect after debridement of scar tissue. For the first metacarpophalangeal joint, an arthrodesis was performed through the use of plate and screws. Multiple studies have showed a common complication of pin tract infections, which were controlled with oral antibiotics and local wound care [10, 11]. Proper alignment and union were achieved with early, stable fracture fixation of low-velocity gunshot wounds of the metacarpal. With early rehabilitation, treatment was provided without an increase in morbidity. [11]. Conclusion: It is possible to obtain acceptable surgical results when the method of fixation of the defect with autograft is used after lengthening with external fixator in pseudoarthrosis with metacarpal defect

An incidental detection of aortic aneurysm on Tc-99m MAG3 renal scintigraphy

A 71-year-old man with newly diagnosed hypertension was referred for Technetium-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine (Tc-99mMAG3) renal scintigraphy to evaluate the recent onset of impairmentin renal functions. Dynamic imaging revealed activity flowwhich was suspicious for aortic aneurysm (AA) with a concurrent decrease in left renal blood flow. CT angiography of the thoracoabdominal aorta confirmed that this area corresponded to AA. The purpose of this report was to present the first case of incidental detection of AA on Tc-99m MAG3 scintigraphy and highlight the importance of correlative imaging for thediagnosis of abnormal radioactivity accumulation in the regionof vascular structures

Perception-Distortion Trade-off in the SR Space Spanned by Flow Models

Flow-based generative super-resolution (SR) models learn to produce a diverse set of feasible SR solutions, called the SR space. Diversity of SR solutions increases with the temperature ($\tau$) of latent variables, which introduces random variations of texture among sample solutions, resulting in visual artifacts and low fidelity. In this paper, we present a simple but effective image ensembling/fusion approach to obtain a single SR image eliminating random artifacts and improving fidelity without significantly compromising perceptual quality. We achieve this by benefiting from a diverse set of feasible photo-realistic solutions in the SR space spanned by flow models. We propose different image ensembling and fusion strategies which offer multiple paths to move sample solutions in the SR space to more desired destinations in the perception-distortion plane in a controllable manner depending on the fidelity vs. perceptual quality requirements of the task at hand. Experimental results demonstrate that our image ensembling/fusion strategy achieves more promising perception-distortion trade-off compared to sample SR images produced by flow models and adversarially trained models in terms of both quantitative metrics and visual quality.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE ICIP 2022 Conferenc