Judith Hoffberg Oral History, 1990

On December 4th, 1990, ARLIS/NA President Lyn Korenic interviewed Judith Hoffberg, a founding member of ARLIS/NA and its director. They were joined by Amy Navratil Ciccone, Judith’s assistant at ARLIS/NA headquarters. Judith explains how in the late 60s, art librarians did not feel that their needs were being met by the American Library Association or the College Art Association. She describes the trials of forming ARLIS/NA and the intrigues of the early years

An analysis-ready and quality controlled resource for pediatric brain white-matter research

We created a set of resources to enable research based on openly-available diffusion MRI (dMRI) data from the Healthy Brain Network (HBN) study. First, we curated the HBN dMRI data (N = 2747) into the Brain Imaging Data Structure and preprocessed it according to best-practices, including denoising and correcting for motion effects, susceptibility-related distortions, and eddy currents. Preprocessed, analysis-ready data was made openly available. Data quality plays a key role in the analysis of dMRI. To optimize QC and scale it to this large dataset, we trained a neural network through the combination of a small data subset scored by experts and a larger set scored by community scientists. The network performs QC highly concordant with that of experts on a held out set (ROC-AUC = 0.947). A further analysis of the neural network demonstrates that it relies on image features with relevance to QC. Altogether, this work both delivers resources to advance transdiagnostic research in brain connectivity and pediatric mental health, and establishes a novel paradigm for automated QC of large datasets

An analysis-ready and quality controlled resource for pediatric brain white-matter research

We created a set of resources to enable research based on openly-available diffusion MRI (dMRI) data from the Healthy Brain Network (HBN) study. First, we curated the HBN dMRI data (N = 2747) into the Brain Imaging Data Structure and preprocessed it according to best-practices, including denoising and correcting for motion effects, susceptibility-related distortions, and eddy currents. Preprocessed, analysis-ready data was made openly available. Data quality plays a key role in the analysis of dMRI. To optimize QC and scale it to this large dataset, we trained a neural network through the combination of a small data subset scored by experts and a larger set scored by community scientists. The network performs QC highly concordant with that of experts on a held out set (ROC-AUC = 0.947). A further analysis of the neural network demonstrates that it relies on image features with relevance to QC. Altogether, this work both delivers resources to advance transdiagnostic research in brain connectivity and pediatric mental health, and establishes a novel paradigm for automated QC of large datasets. BárbaraAvelar-Pereira 9 , EthanRoy2 , Valerie J.Sydnor3,4,5, JasonD.Yeatman1,2, The Fibr Community Science Consortium*, TheodoreD.Satterthwaite3,4,5,88 & Ariel Roke

Zurich Dada performance : art as play and resistance

Contents include: history of Zurich Dada and relation to popular theatre, Zurich Dada performance motives and methods, and Zurich Dada performance and art

AUGMENTATION OF HEAT TRANSFER BY EVAPORATIVE COOLING TO REDUCE CONDENSING TEMPERATURES. (VOLUMES I AND II)

The overall thermal efficiency of power producing and power consuming processes increases if they operate at lower condensing temperatures. The purpose of this work is to show that reduced condensing temperatures can be achieved by augmentation of external heat transfer. Substantial improvement is obtained when the outside heat transfer surfaces are continuously wetted by recirculated water of which only a smal quantity evaporates and needs to be replenished. Such heat exchangers known as evaporatively cooled condensers use air and water simultaneously. Problems associated with the evaporative condenser theory exist because the heat and mass transfer processes within the system are not of the closed type. Differential equations which describe the process cannot be solved, since the number of unknown parameters is larger than the number of available equations. The lack of acceptable theory is compensated by the collection of experimental data and by fitting them in some empirical form. This work is directed in an entirely different way than similar reported work in literature. The study provides analytical solutions to the problem by recognizing that the heat transfer performance and the change of state of air and water along their paths in the heat exchanger can be evaluated in a step-by-step procedure. This was first performed with the aid of a Mollier i-x diagram and later simulated by an extensive computer program. A platefin tube type condenser and bare tube type condenser models were investigated. The heat and mass transfer processes in an evaporative condenser were solved by computerized graphical methods using the i-x diagram which obeys all conservation laws. Analytical results were compared with measured experimental data from a bench type apparatus. An in-line bare tube test section has been tested and its performance was compared with the predicted performance. Results are very close. Deviation of measured from predicted data are of the order of only a few percent. Results of this investigation show undoubtedly the benefit of the evaporative cooling method for augmentation of heat transfer in a condenser. Reduced condensing temperatures are commonly close to ambient temperature or even below it. Savings of energy consumption range from 10 percent for power plants to 50 percent for refrigeration systems. Wetting the condenser with water requires only a very small amount of additional power

Colorimetry of cholesteric liquid crystals

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Rochester. Institute of Optics, 1997.Selective wavelength reflection leading to colorful appearance and selective polarization-handedness reflection is a combination of optical properties unique to cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs). Fracturing CLC polysiloxane oligomers into a new form called flakes, which preserve these optical properties, makes the use of CLCs as colorants more versatile. This study characterizes CLC polysiloxane films and flakes by material parameters including transition temperatures, viscosity, and solubility and by optical parameters including refractive index, optical selectivity, scattering interpreted as turbidity, and absorption. CLC film and flake reflection profiles based on spectrophotometric experiments are used to generate experimental chromaticity values. The experiments are compared to model reflection profiles and chromaticities. These models isolate the effects of both the material and optical parameters on the colorimetric characteristics of CLC films and flakes. Use of embedded CLC flakes leads to an accurate and reproducible means of quantifying CLC color mixtures through the Center of Gravity Color Mixing Principle. Applications for CLC flakes as colorants include military signature, document security, graphic arts, and stereoscopic printing

The role of autophagy and lipolysis in survival of astrocytes under nutrient deprivation

Astrocytes can survive nutrient deprivation (ND) for days. However, the pro-survival strategy of astrocytes under such a metabolic challenge is still not clear. In the present study, we examined the effects of inhibition of two potential steps in energy acquisition during ND: autophagy (using chloroquine) and lipolysis (using orlistat). The inhibition of autophagy did not show significant effects on cell viability until 8-9 h of ND. From that point onwards, the number of dead cells gradually increased, reaching similar to 60% between 10 and 12 h of ND. In addition, early inhibition of autophagy made astrocytes more vulnerable to the latter ND. The inhibition of lipolysis decreased the viability of cells exposed to ND, but this appeared much later compared to the inhibition of autophagy. The application of orlistat prevented ND-related hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, and mitochondria became swollen. This study clearly shows that autophagy and lipolysis are essential for the survival of astrocytes under ND conditions, which might be related to their role as neuron-supporting cells