АНОМАЛЬНОЕ ОТХОЖДЕНИИ КОРОНАРНЫХ АРТЕРИЙ СЕРДЦА ОТ ЛЕГОЧНЫХ АРТЕРИЙ - СИНДРОМ БЛАНДА-УАЙТА-ГАРЛЕНДА

The paper studies the notion of clinical observation of quite rare сongenital malformation of the heart — anomalous origin of the left coronal artery from a pulmonary barrel. In the article we tried to highlight the features of algorithm execution of radiological methods of diagnostics concerning this little-known pathology, in view of its large clinical interest.Представлено несколько клинико-диагностических наблюдений достаточно редкого врожденного порока сердца — аномального отхождения коронарных артерии от легочных артерий. Мы постарались уделить внимание лучевым методам диагностики этой патологии, так как это представляет большой клинический интерес

АНОМАЛЬНОЕ ОТХОЖДЕНИИ КОРОНАРНЫХ АРТЕРИЙ СЕРДЦА ОТ ЛЕГОЧНЫХ АРТЕРИЙ - СИНДРОМ БЛАНДА-УАЙТА-ГАРЛЕНДА

The paper studies the notion of clinical observation of quite rare сongenital malformation of the heart — anomalous origin of the left coronal artery from a pulmonary barrel. In the article we tried to highlight the features of algorithm execution of radiological methods of diagnostics concerning this little-known pathology, in view of its large clinical interest.Представлено несколько клинико-диагностических наблюдений достаточно редкого врожденного порока сердца — аномального отхождения коронарных артерии от легочных артерий. Мы постарались уделить внимание лучевым методам диагностики этой патологии, так как это представляет большой клинический интерес.</p

Commissioning Test of ATLAS End-Cap Toroidal Magnets

The system of superconducting toroids in the ATLAS experiment at CERN consists of three magnets. The Barrel Toroid was assembled and successfully tested in 2006. Next, two End-Cap Toroids have been tested on surface at 77 K and installed in the cavern, 100-m underground. The End Cap Toroids are based on Al stabilized Nb-Ti/Cu Rutherford cables, arranged in double pancake coils and conduction cooled at 4.6 K. The nominal current is 20.5 kA at 4.1 T peak field in the windings and the stored energy is 250 MJ per toroid. Prior to final testing of the entire ATLAS Toroidal system, each End Cap Toroid passed a commissioning test up to 21 kA to guarantee a reliable performance in the final assembly. In this paper the test results are described. It includes the stages of test preparation, isolation vacuum pumping and leak testing, cooling down, step-by-step charging to full current, training quenches and quench recovery. By fast discharges the quench detection and protection system was checked to demonstrate a safe energy distribution within the magnet after a quench or a triggered fast dump

First full-size ATLAS barrel toroid coil successfully tested up to 22 kA at 4 T

The Superconducting Barrel Toroid is providing (together with the two End-Cap Toroids not presented here) the magnetic field for the muon detectors in the ATLAS Experiment at the LHC at CERN. The toroid with outer dimensions of 25 m length and 20 m diameter, is built up from 8 identical racetrack coils. The coils with 120 turns each are wound with an aluminum stabilized NbTi conductor and operate at 20.5 kA at 3.9 T local field in the windings and is conduction cooled at 4.8 K by circulating forced flow helium in cooling tubes attached to the cold mass. The 8 coils of 25 m * 5 m are presently under construction and the first coils have already been fully integrated and tested. Meanwhile the assembly of the toroid 100 m underground in the ATLAS cavern at CERN has started. The 8 coils are individually tested on surface before installation. In this paper the test of the first coil, unique in size and manufacturing technology, is described in detail and the results are compared to the previous experience with the 9 m long B0 model coil

On-surface integration and test of the ATLAS central solenoid and its proximity cryogenics

The ATLAS detector for the LHC at CERN requires a superconducting solenoid, which provides the magnetic field for the inner detector. The ATLAS Central Solenoid and its associated proximity cryogenics system has been designed by KEK in collaboration with CERN. Following construction and preliminary tests at Toshiba in Japan the equipment has been shipped to CERN. The system is being prepared for the integration in the common cryostat with the LAr calorimeter, whereafter a full on-surface test has to be completed before its final installation 100 m underground in the ATLAS cavern. For this purpose a provisional set-up for commissioning of the final proximity cryogenics, the connecting chimney and the solenoid has been established. A number of tests and simulations have been conducted in applying a new process control system to validate the cryogenics functionalities, the electrical powering scheme as well as the magnet control and safety systems. The present status of the solenoid project and the results of the various cryogenic and electrical tests are reported. 15 Refs

Process, mechanism and impacts of scale formation in alkaline flooding by a variable porosity and permeability model

In spite of the role of alkali in enhancing oil recovery (EOR),the formation of precipitation during alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP) flooding can severely do harm to the stratum of oil reservoirs,which has been observed in situ tests of oil fields such as scale deposits found in oil stratum and at the bottom of oil wells. On the other hand, remarkable variation of stratum parameters, e.g., pore radius, porosity,and permeability due to scale formation considerably affects seepage flow and alkaline flooding process in return. The objective of this study is to firstly examine these mutual influential phenomena and corresponding mechanisms along with EOR during alkaline flooding when the effects of precipitation are no longer negligible. The chemical kinetic theory is applied for the specific fundamental reactions to describe the process of rock dissolution in silica-based reservoirs. The solubility product principle is used to analyze the mechanism of alkali scale formation in flooding. Then a 3D alkaline flooding coupling model accounting for the variation of porosity and permeability is established to quantitatively estimate the impact of alkali scales on reservoir stratum. The reliability of the present model is verified in comparison with indoor experiments and field tests of the Daqing oil field. Then,the numerical simulations on a 1/4 well group in a 5-spot pattern show that the precipitation grows with alkali concentration,temperature,and injection pressure and, thus,reduces reservoir permeability and oil recovery correspondingly. As a result, the selection of alkali with a weak base is preferable in ASP flooding by tradeoff strategy