25 research outputs found

    Assessing the authenticity of some selected chocolates

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    Zgodnie z dyrektyw膮 2000/36/WE do wyrob贸w czekoladowych mo偶na stosowa膰 dodatek t艂uszczu innego ni偶 kakaowy w ilo艣ci do 5% og贸lnej zawarto艣ci masy kakaowej. Celem pracy by艂a analiza t艂uszcz贸w obecnych w wybranych czekoladach gorzkich dost臋pnych na rynku. Na podstawie jako艣ciowej i ilo艣ciowej analizy t艂uszcz贸w w badanych produktach podj臋to r贸wnie偶 pr贸b臋 oceny ich autentyczno艣ci. Analiza sk艂adu kwas贸w t艂uszczowych oraz steroli, a przede wszystkim udzia艂 podstawowych kwas贸w palmitynowego, stearynowego, linolowego i oleinowego, stanowi艂y podstaw臋 do potwierdzenia lub zanegowania autentyczno艣ci badanych produkt贸w. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych bada艅 stwierdzono, 偶e cztery spo艣r贸d badanych czekolad istotnie r贸偶ni艂y si臋 od pozosta艂ych produkt贸w. W wi臋kszo艣ci czekolad proporcja kwasu stearynowego do palmitynowego wskazywa艂a na zastosowanie zamiennik贸w t艂uszczu kakaowego lub t艂uszcz贸w ro艣linnych.Pursuant to Directive 2000/36/EC, it is possible to add a fat other than cocoa fat to chocolate products; its addition can amount to 5 % of the general content of cocoa mass. The main objective of this paper was the analysis of fats in some selected dark chocolates available on the Polish market. After the qualitative and quantitative analysis of fats in the products investigated, it was also attempted to assess their authenticity. The analysis of the composition of fatty acids and sterols, especially of the content of basic acids, i.e. of palmitic, stearic, linoleic, and oleic acids, constituted the basis for either confirming or negating the authenticity of the products under investigation. Based on the investigations performed, it was proved that four from among all the chocolates examined significantly differed from other products. In the majority of the chocolates, the content ratio between the palmitic and stearic acids proved the fact that substitutes were applied instead of cacao or plant fats

    Microfluidic-based generation of 3D collagen spheres to investigate multicellular spheroid invasion

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    International audienceDuring tumor progression, cancer cells acquire the ability to escape the primary tumor and invade adjacent tissues. They migrate through the stroma to reach blood or lymphatics vessels that will allow them to disseminate throughout the body and form metastasis at distant organs. To assay invasion capacity of cells in vitro, multicellular spheroids of cancer cells, mimicking primary tumor, are commonly embedded in collagen I extracellular matrix, which mimics the stroma. However, due to their higher density, spheroids tend to sink at the bottom of the collagen droplets, resulting in the spreading of the cells on two dimensions. We developed an innovative method based on droplet microfluidics to embed and control the position of multicellular spheroids inside spherical droplets of collagen. In this method cancer cells are exposed to a uniform three-dimensional (3D) collagen environment resulting in 3D cell invasion
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