ANALYZING VERTICAL JUMP AND STANDING LONG JUMP POWER RATIOS TO DETERMINE LOWER EXTREMITY INJURY RISK USING AUROC CURVES

The purpose of this study examined the ability to predict previous knee and thigh injuries in athletes by assessing allometrically scaled ratios of average power and peak power results from VJ (vertical jump) and SLJ (standing long jump) testing using ROC curves. The strength and conditioning testing data and medical records of 26 female NCAA-I from soccer and volleyball teams were examined. Data examined included isokinetic knee flexion and extension, VJ power, and SLJ power outputs. Previous thigh or knee injury was compared to scaled average power ratio, peak power ratio, and calculated z-scores for average power ratio and peak power ratio. The use of AUROC to assess power output from the performance tests of the VJ and the SLJ to determine injury risk poorly predicts the possibility of a previous knee or a thigh injury

AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE RELEASE FACTOR EFFECTS OF HAMMER THROW

This study aimed to determine the relationship of release factors on the final hammer throw distance of American throwers as well to determine where differences in release factors between the years and throw distance groups (TDG). The video from 94 hammer throws (52 female throws and 42 male throws) were analyzed using 2-D to 3-D coordinates via DLT procedures. Analysis of the release factors of a throw revealed correlations with release velocity but not height and angle. Further analysis revealed that release height has decreased while vertical velocity and release angle have increased since 2016

OPTIMIZING EXERCISE SELECTION FOR POWER DEVELOPMENT IN ATHLETES USING VELOCITY-BASED TRAINING

The purpose of this study was to determine which lift and velocity range provide the highest levels of power and force production. 7 highly trained strength professionals performed 3 sets of paired powerlifting exercises: deadlift (DL) and back squat (SQ), power clean (PC) and hang clean (HC), and power clean (PC) and clean pull (CP). Velocity was also controlled for the lifts. Velocity ranges, 0.5-0.75 m/s, 0.75-1.0 m/s, and 1.0-1.3 m/s, were used. A 2 x 3 ANOVA with post-hoc test investigated the data. Lift choice mattered for average power, peak power, and force when controlling the velocity of movement

USING VERTICAL JUMP POWER AND STANDING LONG JUMP POWER TO DETERMINE MUSCLE IMBALANCE

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the relationship between a ratio between vertical jump (VJ) power and standing long jump (SLJ) power and knee injury risk by using the functional power outputs with information generated from knee isokinetic testing. Medical records along with strength and conditioning testing records of 13 female NCAA-I soccer athletes were examined. Correlation and linear regressions were run to find relationships. The medical records included the isokinetic knee flexion and extension testing. Data from VJ height and SLJ distance were taken from the strength and conditioning data. Using VJ and SLJ power results to determine tendency in muscle dominance would allow development of interventions tailored to decrease the imbalance

TESTING THE RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE XOS MOTION CAPTURE SYSTEM AT MEASURING COUNTER MOVEMENT VERTICAL JUMP

The purpose of this study is to conduct simultaneous measurement of CMVJH using the XOS motion capture system and the Vertec system. Ten participants (body height: 170.17 cm ± 13.4, body weight: 79.76 kg ± 17.72) from the Marshall University student body comprised the testing group. Participants were instructed on proper CMVJ technique. Five practice jumps at 50% effort were conducted. Participants donned a compression suit with reflective markers. The paired t-tests indicated that a difference existed in CMVJ height measured between the Vertec and the XOS VJ was (p= .000), SEM of 1.4 with a .823 correlation and the Vertec and the XOS COG was also (p= .000), SEM of 1.42 with a correlation of .788. A marked difference exists between the XOS SportMotion capture system’s methods of measuring CMVJ height when compared to Vertec measurement

TECHNIQUE COMPARISON OF MALE AND FEMALE HAMMER THROWERS

Distinct anthropometric differences occur between the sexes throwing the hammer that affect technique. No literature statistically compares the differences between male and female hammer throwers. The aim of this study was to determine the hammer throwing technique differences occurring between genders. The performances of 16 male and female throwers at the 2003 World Athletic Final and 13 male and female throwers from the 2003 USA Track and Field Nationals were examined. The best throw of each athlete was digitized and analyzed using the Peak Motus 8.2 motion analysis system. Results revealed that athlete mass, athlete height, velocity at release, timing components, and centripetal force were different between sexes

A CORRELATION BETWEEN VERTICAL JUMP AND ISOKINETIC MEASUREMENTS IN FEMALE BASKETBALL ATHLETES

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between isokinetic measurements and the vertical jump performance in female basketball athletes. The medical records and strength and conditioning measurements of 11 female NCAA-I basketball athletes were examined for vertical jump measurements and isokinetic measurements of the knee. This study found moderate to high correlation of the isokinetic measurements at 60o/sec (r2=0.9806)and 180o/sec (r2=0.9952)and vertical jump performance. The average power in the quadriceps at 60o/sec (p2= 0.8334)was the only variable that was significantly correlated with vertical jump height. The results demonstrate the possible influence of isokinetic variables such as power and peak torque on vertical jump performance

INFLUENCE OF LANDING QUADRANT ON ELLIPTICAL ORBIT AND ITS REALTION TO RELEASE PARAMETERS OF THE HAMMER THROW

Hammer throw official distance is determined by the velocity, angle, and height of the hammer at release, which is regulated by the acceleration arc of the hammer during the turns. This study aimed to examine the influence of position variables describing the elliptical orbit during each turn on the official distance and the release parameters. Competitive hammer throws from 35 athletes (17 men and 18 women) were digitized to obtain 3-D coordinates of the thrower and the hammer throughout the throw. Multiple regression models indicate that hammer positioning during turns 1 and 2 accounts for the greatest variance in the official distance. Male throwers use the acceleration arc to regulate the release angle throughout the throw, whereas female throwers use the acceleration arc to regulate both release velocity and release angle throughout the throw

COMPARATIVE BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF A FEMALE HAMMER THROW ATHLETE FOR BACK-TO-BACK AMERICAN RECORD YEARS

Hammer athletes must optimize performance variables to maximize their official distance. Analysis of key performance variables might explain how the subject improved an American record year in 2018 to another record in 2019. A 3-D analysis was performed on trial videos from 2018 and 2019. Release height, release velocity, release angle, and hip-shoulder separation were compared among years and throws, and their relationship with official distance was assessed. Release height (p \u3c 0.01) and release angle (p \u3c 0.01) were more consistent in 2019 than 2018. The relationships among official distance, release height (p = 0.06), and hip-shoulder separation (p = 0.04) were different between years. The efficient use of hip-shoulder separation could be responsible for the increase in official distance between years

EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AN INJURY PREVENTION WARM-UP FOR FEMALE COLLEGIATE SOCCER PLAYERS

Neuromuscular training programs have been shown to decrease injury risk. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a soccer-specific injury prevention warm-up program at improving game-time movement patterns. Acceleration and gyroscope data from IMUs and foot forces from smart insoles were collected in-the-field from 16 players during regularly scheduled soccer practice sessions. Change in impact and tibial anterior shear force, and lower extremity kinematics were compared throughout the season with a MANOVA. Tibial anterior shear force and acceleration, knee extension, and knee valgus decreased within each training session (Λ = 0.387, F18,75 = 12.65, p \u3c 0.01), but not across the season (Λ = 0.913, F5,18 = 0.34, p = 0.879). This injury prevention warm-up program may be effective at modifying ACL injury risk factors in the short-term but not the long-term