105 research outputs found
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èŠã«ãªããšèããããFrom the beginning of the Meiji Era to the 40th year of Meiji, a number of Chinese character dictionaries used Chinese characters as entry words. The number of entry words vary among the dictionaries. They were divided into three groups: dictionaries with less than 5,000 words as âsmall scaleâ, those with more than 5,000 words and less than 10,000 words as âmedium scaleâ and those with more than 10,000 words as âlarge scale.â The theme of this paper describes how the Chinese characters are classified and registered as entry words in most published Chinese character dictionaries. The research question is how are the Chinese characters differently registered in the âsmall scale,â âmedium scale,â and âlarge scaleâ dictionaries? This paper presents a method that verifies the differences. This method, which was practiced in the Muromachi Era way before the Meiji Era, focuses on two Chinese characters assumed to be understood easily, âikouâ and âisei,â and is based on whether these two Chinese characters are registered in the dictionary or not. As a result, these two Chinese characters were found only in the âlarge scaleâ dictionary. That is, âsmall scaleâ and âmedium scaleâ dictionaries did not register the characters that had already been considered in the Meiji Era as those that were easily understood, and the dictionary with more than 10,000 characters had registered these characters. In other words, âlarge scaleâ Chinese character dictionaries increased prescriptive characters by adding these characters. There has not been a precedent case that has concretely presented the kind of Chinese characters that are registered in the Chinese character dictionaries. This paper has introduced this one method
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§ã«ãã£ãŠãããŸããŸãªèšèªäºè±¡ã«ã€ããŠã®ç¥èŠãåŸãããšãã§ãããåæ¬ã®æ¯ä»®åã«ãããŠã¯ãçæ¬ã®èªåœ¢ã®çåŒåœ¢ãæ¯ä»®åãšããŠæœããŠããäŸãå°ãªããããããåœè©²ææã«é·é³åœ¢ïŒçåŒåœ¢ã«ãæºãããçããŠããå¯èœæ§ãããããA textbook that was published in the Edo Period was reproduced in the Meiji Period. This type of textbook is not generally considered as valuable in the field of literature research. However, in some cases, it can be accepted as a valid resource material in the field of linguistics. The Japanese language has changed over the years from the Edo Period to the Meiji Period. Such a process of change can be seen by comparing the textbook published in the Edo Period with the textbooks reproduced in the Meiji Period. From the contrast examined in this paper, with regards to whether the prolonged sound was recognized or not in the Meiji Period, it was pointed out that the word form may have been deviated. Moreover, it was also found that there may have a deviation in the special syllables such as the geminated consonant and the syllabic nasal. Furthermore, in order to indicate the inflectional form of the subjective case and the objective case, differences in whether the particle has been used or not can be found in both textbooks, however, it was concluded that such a condition constantly exists in the Japanese language
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çã«ãã£ãŠãå€æããªãããŠãããšæãããããããããããšã«ã€ããŠã®åé¡æèµ·ããããIn the process of observing and analyzing a language phenomenon, there are situations where clarification, of whether one language phenomenon and another language phenomenon are âsimilarâ or âdifferentâ, is necessary. In order to statethe âsimilarityâ or the âdifferenceâ, there is a need to set criteria, although suchcriteria are often not clearly defined. Furthermore, clear âguidelinesâ and âmethodsâ of what âsimilarityâ or âdifferenceâ would mean are not presented. In the process of observing and analyzing a language phenomenon, use ofintrospection is not denied, but unless âsimilaritiesâ are well proven, research on the origin of âsimilarityâ would lose its significance. This paper analyzes Yukichi Fukuzawaâs Gakumon no Susume (An Encouragement of Learning) to verify âsimilaritiesâ. The study introduces views on Chinese characters and Kana characters based on examples found in this book
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±èµ·ããŠããèªïŒå¥ïŒãæ¢ãããšã«ãã£ãŠãã€ã¡ãŒãžã®é£éãæœåºããããšãç®çãšãªãããæ¬çš¿ã¯ãã®äžé梯ãšããŠãèªãšæŒ¢ååãšã®çµã³ã€ãã«çç®ããåæããããªã£ãããItâs pointed out that Magritteâs painting work has the motif which shows repeatedly. There are two kinds in a motif. One is a motif shared by many people, and another is a personal motif. A personal motif will be a subject of research by literally study and a linguistic research work. A motif of poetry seems to express a word and phrase as the unit. In this article, I analyzed Kitahara Hakushuâs Jyasyumon . Jyasyumon undergoes influence of Kaichoon . I investigated how the word and phrase used by Kaichoon was used for Jyasyumon . The one I analyzed is a word as âkuregata â concretely. A word as â kuregata â is used 14 times in Jyasyumon . After I investigated, I found out that â kuregata â is related to âèæ®â. This survey result shows that Jyasyumon undergoes influence on Kaichoon . Last my target is to pick a chain of an image out, but this thesis is convinced that it was the step
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èŠãªããšãææãããã âSetsuyo-shuâ is a Japanese dictionary that was completed in mid-Muromachi period, and âNippo-jishoâ is a Japanese dictionary completed in 1603. The two dictionaries have been used frequently to analyze the Japanese language of the Muromachi period. The word entries of âSetsuyo-shuâ were written in kanji (Chinese characters) that are often attached with Japanese syllabaries. The word entries of âNippo-jishoâ were written in alphabetical order, interpreted in medieval Portuguese.ã Since the entries of âNippo-jishoâ were written in alphabet letters, it was possible to know the pronunciation of the Japanese words, unlike words written in Chinese characters or Japanese syllabaries. For example, if the Chinese characterãæŽæ¿¯ãis written, the pronunciation of the word is unknown. However, if the word is written in the Jesuit form of alphabet â xendacu,â then the pronunciation âsentakuâ would be clear. Because of this, in the analysis of the Japanese language during the Muromachi period, there is a possibility that the âNippo-jishoâ was the best well-grounded choice.ã There are standard kinds of word forms and nonstandard kinds of word forms. In this paper, a model in which some nonstandard kinds of word forms surround the standard kinds of word forms was approached. The fact that not all of these nonstandard kinds of word forms were used as entry words in the âNippo-jishoâ is specifically indicated by comparing the entry words in the âSetsuyo-shu.âã Several nonstandard kinds of words often appear in the âSetsuyo-shu.â The observation of the Japanese language during the Muromachi period will be made more precise with the use of âNippo-jishoâ and by placing the complete âSetsuyo-shuâ as a document that reflects the âswayâ of a language
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