Skill ranking of researchers via hypergraph

Researchers use various skills in their works, such as writing, data analysis and experiments design. These research skills have greatly influenced the quality of their research outputs, as well as their scientific impact. Although many indicators have been proposed to quantify the impact of researchers, studies of evaluating their scientific research skills are very rare. In this paper, we analyze the factors affecting researchers’ skill ranking and propose a new model based on hypergraph theory to evaluate the scientific research skills. To validate our skill ranking model, we perform experiments on the PLOS ONE dataset and compare the rank of researchers’ skills with their papers’ citation counts and h-index. Finally, we analyze the patterns about how researchers’ skill ranking increased over time. Our studies also show the change patterns of researchers between different skills

Gut phageome: challenges in research and impact on human microbiota

The human gut microbiome plays a critical role in maintaining our health. Fluctuations in the diversity and structure of the gut microbiota have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several metabolic and inflammatory conditions. Dietary patterns, medication, smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity can all influence the abundance of different types of microbiota in the gut, which in turn can affect the health of individuals. Intestinal phages are an essential component of the gut microbiome, but most studies predominantly focus on the structure and dynamics of gut bacteria while neglecting the role of phages in shaping the gut microbiome. As bacteria-killing viruses, the distribution of bacteriophages in the intestine, their role in influencing the intestinal microbiota, and their mechanisms of action remain elusive. Herein, we present an overview of the current knowledge of gut phages, their lifestyles, identification, and potential impact on the gut microbiota

Analysis of Metabolites Difference of the Albino Tea Tree Variety 'Ming Guan'

‘Ming guan’ is a new excellent albino tea variety bred from the descendants of Bai jiguan. In order to explore the quality difference of Ming guan multi tea processing, the fresh leaves of Ming guan were used as raw materials to make the corresponding tea types according to the processing methods of green tea, black tea and white tea, and sensory quality evaluation, aroma and taste analysis were conducted. The results showed that the aroma of Ming guan green tea was tender, floral and fruity, with a mellow taste, the aroma of Ming guan black tea was sweet, floral, with a sweet taste, the aroma of Ming guan white tea was millets, floral, with a fresh taste, and the different processes of Ming guan tea had their own unique floral characteristics. Among the aroma components of Ming guan green tea, terpene aroma components with floral aroma were relatively more abundant, followed by ester aroma components with fruit aroma, which played an important role in the formation of the aroma of Ming guan green tea. The representative aroma components of Ming guan green tea were leaf alcohol ester of foliol caproate, 3-hexenyl caproate, 2-hexenyl caproate, nerolidol, leaf alcohol ester of butyric acid, olivetol and α-farnesene, the representative components of which were mainly esters with fruity aroma and alcohols with floral and fruity aroma, creating the characteristic of Ming guan green tea floral and fruity varieties. The representative components of Ming guan black tea were dihydrolinalool, α-cephalene, β-Ionone, γ-cadinene, methyl hexadecanoic acid and benzaldehyde, which were mainly terpenes and alcohols with floral and sweet aromas, contributing to the floral and sweet aromatic characteristics of Ming guan black tea. The representative components of Ming guan white tea were geraniol, myrcene, 3-carene, linalyl acetate and linalool, and the representative components are mainly alcohols and terpenes with floral aroma. The non-volatile components of Ming guan green tea, Ming guan black tea and Ming guan white tea vary greatly overall. The content of catechins, anthocyanins, some flavonols and flavonoid glycosides (quercetin-3-O-galactoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside 7-O-rhamnoside, etc.) in Ming guan green tea was generally higher than that in Ming guan black tea and Ming guan white tea. The contents of theaflavins, phenolic acids, a few flavonol and flavonoid glycoside compounds (vitexin-2-O-galactoside, vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside, apigenin-6,8-di-C-glucoside, apigenin-6-C-glucoside, etc.) and some amino acid compounds (L-phenylalanine, L-tryptophan, L-isoleucine, L-valine, L-aspartic acid) in Ming guan black tea were higher than those in Ming guan green tea and Ming guan white tea.The content of some amino acid compounds (L-arginine, L-glutamine, L-lysine, L-histidine, L-tyrosine) in Ming guan white tea was higher than that in Ming guan green tea and Ming guan black tea, which may be affected by different processing technologies. This study could provide a theoretical basis for a comprehensive understanding of the chemical basis and quality differences of Ming guan green tea, Ming guan black tea and Ming guan white tea

Identification of an ATP/P2X7/Mast Cell Pathway Mediating Ozone-Induced Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness

Ozone is a highly reactive environmental pollutant with well-recognized adverse effects on lung health. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) is one consequence of ozone exposure, particularly for individuals with underlying lung disease. Our data demonstrated that ozone induced substantial ATP release from human airway epithelia in vitro and into the airways of mice in vivo and that ATP served as a potent inducer of mast cell degranulation and BHR, acting through P2X7 receptors on mast cells. Both mast cell-deficient and P2X7 receptor-deficient (P2X7-/-) mice demonstrated markedly attenuated BHR to ozone. Reconstitution of mast cell-deficient mice with WT mast cells and P2X7-/- mast cells restored ozone-induced BHR. Despite equal numbers of mast cells in reconstituted mouse lungs, mice reconstituted with P2X7-/- mast cells demonstrated significantly less robust BHR than mice reconstituted with WT mast cells. These results support a model where P2X7 on mast cells and other cell types contribute to ozone-induced BHR

Mechanically Robust Hybrid Coatings for Antifogging, Antireflection, and Self‐Cleaning Applications

Abstract In this work, a novel multifunctional film with durable antifogging performance and remarkable optical property is designed. By doping and hybridization to build an organic–inorganic siloxane network, the surface achieves long‐lasting wettability and superhydrophilicity with a water contact angle of 0°, which is maintained within 10° for over 130 days. The low refractive index endows the hybrid film with excellent optical property, which the average transmittance (380–1100 nm) of the film is 97.60% with the peak transmittance of 99.48%. By this design, the film performs well in the felt abrasion test, water impact test, X‐cut tape test, tape‐peeling test, chemical stability test, and anti‐dust test. Due to the abundant hydroxyl radicals on the surface, the film also exhibits excellent performance, achieving 92.73% degradation of methylene blue solution (10 ppm) and 39.53% degradation of rhodamine B (10 ppm) with good reproducibility in cyclic measurements