The Effects of Communication Partner’s Group Membership and Communication Openness on Emotional Sharing and Perceived Connection : An Examination Using LINE Chat Screens

本研究では，二者間のコミュニケーションにおいて，集団成員性と開放性（第三者の存在の有無）が感情共有や関係性認知に及ぼす影響について，ウェブ実験を用いて検討した。646人の参加者が架空のLINEメッセージを呈示され，自分の感情や送り手の感情推測，送り手との結びつき知覚などを回答した。送り手の集団成員性が操作され，個人メッセージかグループトークかで開放性が操作された。実験の結果，集団成員性と開放性は感情共有に影響を与えなかったが，送り手と感情共有をした場合，しなかった場合と比べて態度共有も促進され，送り手との結びつきも強く感じられた。また，送り手があわれみの感情を表出している場合，他の感情は抑制された。これらの結果から，感情共有が他者との関係性維持に貢献することが示され，また，表出される感情の内容も感情共有に影響を及ぼす可能性が示唆された。This study investigated the effects of group membership and openness (presence or absence of a third party) on emotion sharing and relationship recognition in dyadic communication using a web experiment. Six hundred forty-six participants were presented with fictitious LINE messages and were asked to answer questions about their own emotions, their perception of the sender's emotions, and their perceived connection with the sender. The sender's group membership was manipulated, and the level of openness was manipulated by presenting messages as either individual or group chats. Results showed that group membership and openness did not affect emotion sharing. Still, attitude sharing was more promoted, and a stronger perceived connection with the sender was felt when participants shared emotions with the sender compared to when they did not. Furthermore, when the sender expressed a feeling of pity, other emotions were suppressed. These results suggest that emotion sharing contributes to maintaining relationships with others and that the content of expressed emotions may also affect emotion sharing.4論文departmental bulletin pape

Complications of Flex URS for Renal and Ureteral Calculi during the Learning Curve

Background: The flexible ureterorenoscope (URS) and associated devices have developed rapidly. However, despite its therapeutic benefits, URS may be associated with some complications. To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies discussing the complications of flexURS during the learning curve. Methods: A retrospective review of the records of patients who underwent flexURS from January 2005 to June 2013 was performed. To compare the complications after the introduction of flexURS, patients were divided into four groups based on the surgeon’s training experience, that is, based on the number of cases performed by the surgeon. A total of 219 cases underwent flexURS. Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 included 35, 50, 50, and 84 cases, respectively. The complications were classified using the Clavien system (I–IV). Results: The mean operation time and stone-free rate were significantly different (p < 0.001, p = 0.013, respectively). The total complication rates were 13.6, 10, 8.3, and 3.2%, respectively (p = 0.068). The more the surgeon’s experience, the less was the complication rate. Despite our best efforts, the incidence of urosepsis was not reduced (p = 0.902). Conclusions: To reduce severe complications, it is necessary to have performed about 100 cases. Increased surgeon experience tended to decrease the risk of severe complications, but the incidence of urosepsis was not reduced