Role of Interparticle Space in Hollow Spheres of Silica-Based Solid Acids on Their Acidic Properties and Activity for Hydrolytic Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane

Porous materials with micropores and mesopores have attracted much attention as materials potentially applied in various fields such as absorbents, catalysts, energy storage, and so on. The kind of materials showed intrinsic properties compared with other types of materials such as fine particles. This chapter reviewed our recent research about hollow silica-alumina composite spheres for the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane. This chapter has mainly discussed about the role of interparticle space in the hollow spheres on their acidic properties and activity for the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane

Role of KIT-Positive Interstitial Cells of Cajal in the Urinary Bladder and Possible Therapeutic Target for Overactive Bladder

In the gastrointestinal tract, interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) act as pacemaker cells to generate slow wave activity. Interstitial cells that resemble ICCs in the gastrointestinal tract have been identified by their morphological characteristics in the bladder. KIT is used as an identification marker of ICCs. ICCs in the bladder may be involved in signal transmission between smooth muscle bundles, from efferent nerves to smooth muscles, and from the urothelium to afferent nerves. Recent research has suggested that not only the disturbance of spontaneous contractility caused by altered detrusor ICC signal transduction between nerves and smooth muscle cells but also the disturbance of signal transduction between urothelial cells and sensory nerves via suburothelial ICC may induce overactive bladder (OAB). Recent reports have suggested that KIT is not only a detection marker of these cells, but also may play a crucial role in the control of bladder function. Research into the effect of a c-kit receptor inhibitor, imatinib mesylate, on bladder function implies that KIT-positive ICCs may be therapeutic target cells to reduce bladder overactivity and that the blockage of c-kit receptor may offer a new therapeutic strategy for OAB treatment, although further study will be needed

Neuropathic Bladder Caused by Caudal Regression Syndrome without Any Other Neurogenic Symptoms

Caudal regression syndrome (CRS) is a rare congenital vertebral anomaly, which occurs most often in combination with spinal cord malformations and morphologic dysfunctions of the lower extremities; these signs are useful for both patients and clinicians in the diagnosis of this syndrome. However, in certain cases, clinicians have failed to identify the syndrome due to the lack of apparent anomalies, resulting in the progression of renal dysfunction caused by neuropathic bladder when CRS is eventually identified. Here, we report a case of a 2-year-old girl who was referred to our hospital for vesicoureteral reflux. At examination, she presented no neurological symptoms; however, on cystourethrography and CT scanning we found that the sacral bone was absent, through which CRS was diagnosed. A urodynamic study indicated detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia, and clean intermittent catheterization was initiated. In the present report, we describe a case of CRS with no neurologic symptoms other than a neuropathic bladder. The lack of outward signs can result in delayed diagnosis. Thus, urological examinations, including a urodynamic study, might be the only clue for identifying an underlying neurologic injury involving the lower spinal cord

ベイイン ジョウホウ キョウリョク ノ ケイセイ ト ハッテン ヒコウシキ ナ キョウリョク カラ セイドカ サレタ キョウリョク ヘ

三成 賢次教授　坂元 一哉教授　退職記念

センゴ ニチベイ カンケイ ト ヒミツ ホゴ ジョウホウ キョウリョク ノ モサク １９４５ １９６０

論

Giant Retroperitoneal Mucinous Tumor Supportively Diagnosed as a Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization of MDM2 Gene

Surgical resection was performed on a 47-year-old woman for a retroperitoneal mass that weighed 8.5 kg. Histological examination revealed a myxoid sarcomatous tumor. Because diagnosis could not be determined by immunohistochemistry, attention was focused on MDM2 (murine double minute) gene amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. The tumor was finally determined to be a dedifferentiated liposarcoma. We experienced a case of a giant retroperitoneal dedifferentiated liposarcoma. FISH analysis was useful for the diagnosis and determination of the therapeutic strategy

Transplantation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived airway epithelial cell sheet into the middle ear of rats

[Introduction] Early postoperative regeneration of the middle ear mucosa is essential for the prevention of postoperative refractory otitis media and recurrent cholesteatoma. As a means for intractable otitis media management, we focused on human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived airway epithelial cells (AECs), which have been used in upper airway mucosal regeneration and transplantation therapy. In this study, we transplanted hiPSC-derived AECs into the middle ear of immunodeficient rats. [Methods] Following the preparation of AEC sheets from hiPSCs, the bilateral middle ear mucosa of X-linked severe combined immunodeficient rats was scraped, and the AEC sheets were transplanted in the ears unilaterally. [Results] Human nuclear antigen (HNA)-positive ciliated cells were observed on the transplanted side of the middle ear cavity surface in three of six rats in the 1-week postoperative group and in three of eight rats in the 2-week postoperative group. No HNA-positive cells were found on the control side. The percentage of HNA-positive ciliated cells in the transplanted areas increased in the 2-week postoperative group compared with the 1-week group, suggesting survival of hiPSC-derived AECs. Additionally, HNA-positive ciliated cells were mainly located at sites where the original ciliated cells were localized. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the transplanted AECs contained cytokeratin 5- and mucin 5AC-positive cells, indicating that both basal cells and goblet cells had regenerated within the middle ear cavity. [Conclusions] The results of this study are an important first step in the establishment of a novel transplantation therapy for chronic otitis media

Long-Term Survival of a Patient with Invasive Signet-Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder Managed by Combined S-1 and Cisplatin Adjuvant Chemotherapy

Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is extremely rare and patient survival is very poor. The disease usually presents at advanced stages because the cancer progresses rapidly. The only option for effective treatment is radical cystectomy, and no effective chemotherapy has been established for this variant. We report a case of signet-ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder with a long-term survival of 90 months owing to radical cystectomy and combination adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 and cisplatin. To our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate the long-term therapeutic activity of combination S-1 and cisplatin adjuvant chemotherapy against invasive signet-ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder