A glomerular permeability factor produced by human T cell hybridomas

A glomerular permeability factor produced by human T cell hybridomas. T cell hybridomas derived from the T cells of a patient with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) made a glomerular permeability factor (GPF). Sufficient quantities of GPF were available for further analysis and characterization. We obtained four stable clones of human T cell hybridomas which produced a glomerular permeability factor. When this factor was injected intravenously into rats, significant proteinurias were induced, and in normal human lymphocyte culture, GPF enhanced Concanavalin-A (Con-A) induced lymphocyte histogenesis by greater than ten fold. GPF was cytotoxic to tumor cell lines of epithelial origin, but only cytostatic to tumor cells of hematopoietic origin. Electron microscopy studies, with polyethyleneimine (PEI) staining, indicated that GPF induced the changes in the arrangement of PEI particles and partial fusion of glomerular epithelial cells in the rats given this factor intravenously. The molecular weight of GPF were estimated to be between 60,000 and 160,000 daltons. The molecular weight of the factor and its TNF like activity, we speculated that the factor was a lymphokine, like lymphotoxins

Deprotection of S-Acetamidomethyl Cysteine with Copper (II) and 1,2-Aminothiols under Aerobic Conditions

Ring-opening by CuSO4 of a 1,3-thiazolidine carbonyl structure (Thz) as an N-terminal cysteine (Cys) residue revealed that an intramolecular S–acetamidomethyl cysteine (Cys(Acm)) can also be deprotected with concomitant formation of a disulphide bond connecting the two Cys residues. A mechanistic study on the disulphide formation led to a general protocol for deprotection of the S-Acm group by CuSO4 and a 1,2-aminothiol under aerobic conditions. Application of this new deprotection reaction allowed for the synthesis of Apamin, a peptide with two-disulphides in a one-pot/stepwise disulphide-bridging procedure

放線菌の生産するプレニルインドール化合物の生合成機構に関する研究

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : （主査）東京大学教授 西山 真, 東京大学教授 尾仲 宏康, 東京大学教授 伏信 進矢, 東京大学准教授 勝山 陽平, 東京大学准教授 葛山 智久University of Tokyo(東京大学

Sulfanylmethyldimethylaminopyridine as a Useful Thiol Additive for Ligation Chemistry in Peptide/Protein Synthesis

Sulfanylmethyl-installed dimethylaminopyridine, 2-sulfanylmethyl-4-dimthylaminopyridine (SMDMAP) (2), has an acidic thiol group comparable to that in aryl thiols due to the formation of a zwitterion consisting of a thiolate anion and a pyridinium cation. It can be used as an additive for native chemical ligation. The alkyl thiol in 2 allows it to be used for the one-pot/NCL–desulfurization protocol in peptide synthesis. The utility of 2 in the synthesis of cyclic peptides is demonstrated

学生が考える「子育てしやすい子どもが遊べる公共空間」の実践 ～長浜市「田村駅周辺空間活用事業」への提案～

長浜市「田村駅周辺空間活用事業」における「子育てしやすい子どもが遊べる公共空間」について、課題解決に向け学生の発想を活かした授業の実践に取組んだ。フィールドワークから地域の魅力を発見し、住んでおられる方、働いておられる方、子育て中の方、指導者などの様々な立場からの意見を基に、学生一人一人がアイデアを出し合い、グループワークや調査・研究を通して主体的に考えていった。将来の仕事や地域等での子どもとのかかわりをイメージし、子育てしやすい魅力的な空間について提案した授業実践記録である

Endoscopic features of oxyntic gland adenoma and gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type differ between patients with and without Helicobacter pylori infection: a retrospective observational study

Background The endoscopic features of oxyntic gland adenoma and gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type have not been fully investigated in relation to Helicobacter pylori infection status. We compared the morphology, color, and location of these lesions between patients with and without H. pylori infection. Methods We retrospectively enrolled 165 patients (180 lesions) from 10 institutions. We divided the patients into the (i) Hp group (patients with current H. pylori infection [active gastritis, n = 13] and those with past infection [inactive gastritis, n = 76]) and (ii) uninfected group (H. pylori-uninfected patients, n = 52). We compared the clinical and endoscopic features of the two groups. We also performed an analysis between (i) lesions with atrophy of the surrounding gastric mucosa (atrophy group) and (ii) lesions without atrophy of the surrounding gastric mucosa (non-atrophy group). Results The average age was older in the Hp group than in the uninfected group (68.1 +/- 8.1 vs. 63.4 +/- 8.7 years, p < 0.01). Although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.09), multiple lesions were observed in 9 of 89 patients (10.1%) in the Hp group and in only 1 of 52 patients (1.9%) in the uninfected group. Meanwhile, significant differences were observed in the prevalence of lesions located in the gastric fornix or cardia (uninfected group: 67.3% vs. Hp group: 38.0%, p < 0.01), with an elevated morphology (80.0% vs. 56.0%, p < 0.01), with a subepithelial-like appearance (78.2% vs. 42.0%, p < 0.01), and with a color similar to that of the peripheral mucosa (43.6% vs. 25.0%, p = 0.02). The male-to-female ratio, lesion size, and presence or absence of vascular dilatation or black pigmentation on the surface were not different between the two groups. In the analysis comparing lesions with and without mucosal atrophy, the prevalence of multiple lesions was significantly higher (p = 0.02) in the atrophy group (5/25 patients, 20.0%) than in the non-atrophy group (7/141 patients, 5.0%). Conclusions The endoscopic features of oxyntic gland adenoma and gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type differ between patients with and without H. pylori infection

Endoscopic resection is a suitable initial treatment strategy for oxyntic gland adenoma or gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type

The aim of this study was to reveal the histological features of oxyntic gland adenomas and gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic-gland type (GA-FG). We retrospectively examined the histological features of 126 lesions of oxyntic gland adenoma and/or GA-FG in 116 patients. The prevalence of oxyntic gland adenomas and GA-FG was approximately equal. The majority of the lesions were resected by endoscopic mucosal resection using a diathermic snare (EMR, n=42) or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD, n=72). Histologically, there were no lesions with invasion at the level of the muscularis propria or deeper, and lymphovascular invasion was present in 1.6%. Of the ESD and EMR specimens, there were no lesions that were positive for vertical margins. Among the eight GA-FG patients with deep (>= 500 mu m) submucosal invasion, six were treated with endoscopic resection alone, and no recurrence was documented. No patients died of the disease during the median follow-up period of 14.5 months. In conclusion, all lesions were confined to the mucosa or submucosa and were negative for vertical margins. Lymphovascular invasion was present in only 1.6% of the patients. Thus, we believe that endoscopic resection is a suitable initial treatment method for oxyntic gland adenoma and GA-FG