Characterizing Data Assimilation in Navier-Stokes Turbulence with Transverse Lyapunov Exponents

Data assimilation (DA) reconstructing small-scale turbulent structures is crucial for forecasting and understanding turbulence. This study proposes a theoretical framework for DA based on ideas from chaos synchronization, in particular, the transverse Lyapunov exponents (TLEs). The analysis with TLEs characterizes a critical length scale, below which the turbulent dynamics is synchronized to the larger-scale turbulent dynamics, indicating successful DA. An underlying link between TLEs and the maximal Lyapunov exponent suggests that the critical length scale depends on the Reynolds number. Furthermore, we discuss new directions of DA algorithms based on the proposed framework.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

The effects of herring-roe lyophilized powder on lipid metabolism

AbstractHerring-roe, which contains large amounts of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, has anti-dyslipidemia effects. Here, we evaluated the effects of herring-roe on lipid metabolism in 33 adult subjects in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. We divided the subjects into a test group that ingested herring-roe lyophilized powder (herring-roe powder) and a placebo group that ingested non-herring-roe powder, with each member of each group ingesting 15 g daily for 8 weeks. Hematological tests and body composition measurements were performed before and after 4, 6, and 8 weeks of the study period. Although no significant differences in low density lipoprotein were observed, high density lipoprotein was found to be increased in subjects who ingested herring-roe powder. In addition, the level of free fatty acid was significantly improved in the herring-roe powder group. These results suggest that ingestion of herring-roe could influence lipid metabolism

Sound collection systems using a crowdsourcing approach to construct sound map based on subjective evaluation

This paper presents a sound collection system that uses crowdsourcing to gather information for visualizing area characteristics. First, we developed a sound collection system to simultaneously collect physical sounds, their statistics, and subjective evaluations. We then conducted a sound collection experiment using the developed system on 14 participants. We collected 693,582 samples of equivalent Aweighted loudness levels and their locations, and 5,935 samples of sounds and their locations. The data also include subjective evaluations by the participants. In addition, we analyzed the changes in sound properties of some areas before and after the opening of a large-scale shopping mall in a city. Next, we implemented visualizations on the server system to attract users’ interests. Finally, we published the system, which can receive sounds from any Android smartphone user. The sound data were continuously collected and achieved a specified result

System Design of an Autonomous Underwater Robot “DaryaBird”

Various kinds of robots have been developed parallel with the progress of computers and information processing technology, and the operations in the extreme environments, such as disaster areas, space and ocean, are getting one of the practical solutions for those hazardous missions. The underwater robots are one of the extreme environment robots and expected as one of solutions for underwater activities i.e., maintenance of underwater structures, observations, scientific research, where research area is getting wide and deep and also underwater structures are getting large-scale and deep-depth. Their efficiencies have been investigated during recent decades and are proven by ocean experiments. However, the robotic system including the support vessels is still big scale, and not so easy to handle by a few researchers. In this paper, we describe the design of an underwater robot “DaryaBird” developed aiming at handy, small underwater robots which can be operated by a few researchers. In addition, experimental results and mission strategies for AUVC 2010 are reported.AUVSI & ONR\u27s 13th AUVSI 2010 : Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI) North America 2010, Aug 24-27, 2010, Denver, CO., US

A Case of Primary Signet-Ring Cell/Histiocytoid Carcinoma of the Eyelid: Immunohistochemical Comparison With the Normal Sweat Gland and Review of the Literature

Primary signet-ring cell/histiocytoid carcinomas of the eyelid are extremely rare tumors considered to originate from sweat glands. Here, we report the case of a 72-year-old man diagnosed with primary signet-ring cell/histiocytoid carcinoma of the eyelid and present immunohistochemical analyses of the eyelid apocrine gland (Moll gland) and apocrine and eccrine sweat glands of perineum and axilla. Widespread infiltration of tumor cells with signet-ring cell or histiocytoid appearance was observed in his left eyelid, orbit, and periocular lesion. Tumor cells expressed mucins and showed immunoreactivity that was similar to that of the Moll gland: MUC6 (+), GlcNAc alpha 1 -> 4Gal -> R(-), MUC2(-), MUC5AC(-), GCDFP15(+), CD15(+), S100(-), CK7(+), CK20(-), ER(+), PgR (+), HER2(-), E-cadherin(+), p63(-), PSA(-), and TTF-1(-). The tumor cells differed from those of perineal and axillary apocrine and eccrine sweat glands, which were MUC6(-). The Moll gland was ER(-) and PgR(-), whereas perineal and axillar apocrine sweat glands were ER(+) and PgR(+), and perineal and axillary eccrine sweat glands were ER(+) and PgR(-). The tumor showed characteristics similar to that of the eyelid Moll gland, which is demonstrated to be an apocrine gland with a protein expression distinct from that of other apocrine glands. MUC6 and GCDFP15 expression are useful in identifying the Moll gland immunophenotype and GCDFP15, ER and PgR expression are useful in distinguishing primary eyelid signet-ring/histocytoid carcinoma from gastrointestinal malignancies.ArticleAMERICAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOPATHOLOGY. 34(8):E139-E145 (2012)journal articl

Adenovirus E4orf6 targets pp32/LANP to control the fate of ARE-containing mRNAs by perturbing the CRM1-dependent mechanism

E4orf6 plays an important role in the transportation of cellular and viral mRNAs and is known as an oncogene product of adenovirus. Here, we show that E4orf6 interacts with pp32/leucine-rich acidic nuclear protein (LANP). E4orf6 exports pp32/LANP from the nucleus to the cytoplasm with its binding partner, HuR, which binds to an AU-rich element (ARE) present within many protooncogene and cytokine mRNAs. We found that ARE-mRNAs, such as c-fos, c-myc, and cyclooxygenase-2, were also exported to and stabilized in the cytoplasm of E4orf6-expressing cells. The oncodomain of E4orf6 was necessary for both binding to pp32/LANP and effect for ARE-mRNA. C-fos mRNA was exported together with E4orf6, E1B-55kD, pp32/LANP, and HuR proteins. Moreover, inhibition of the CRM1-dependent export pathway failed to block the export of ARE-mRNAs mediated by E4orf6. Thus, E4orf6 interacts with pp32/LANP to modulate the fate of ARE-mRNAs by altering the CRM1-dependent export pathway

A Comparative Study on Teacher Training and Education (3): An Elementary School Teacher Reading a German Educational Book in the Meiji Period

　近代日本の国民教育とそれを支える教師の養成教育は，日本に独自的であり，同時に世界的動向の影響のなかに展開されるものであった。日本の教育は，西洋の教育をどう摂取したのか。とりわけドイツの教育の影響について，その一断面を，明治期の地方の一小学校教師が所持したドイツ教育書の内容と，その読書の跡の分析を通じて明らかにする。この事例の検討から，国民教育の実践者としての教師が，ヘルバルト主義教育に接し，その日本的受容を果たしていたことを示す

A Comparative Study on Teacher Training and Education (1) : A Case of The Third Republic of France

　本稿では，教員養成の比較発達史研究の一環としてフランス第三共和政初期の初等教員養成にかかわる思想と制度に，同時期のドイツ（プロイセン）から如何なる影響関係が見られたか，個別事例的に検討した。その結果，第三共和政初期における教育改革のキー・パースンとなる人物を通して，ドイツを含む近隣諸国から試補教員制度が導入・実施されたことが確認された。また，同時期の教員用マニュアルや教員志願者用テキスト（教育学）は同じキー・パースンが紹介した「直観的方法（直観教授）」を忠実に解説しており，この時点でフランスもまたペスタロッチ主義（開発主義）の強い影響を受けていたことが確認された