A City of Migrants: Kota Ambon at the End of the Seventeenth Century

Page range: 105-12

Shallow Waters Rising Tide

xii,256hal.;23c

The Price Effects of Urban Growth Boundaries in Metropolitan Portland, Oregon

The development of lakefront property in northern Wisconsin has prompted, in several towns, minimum frontage zoning stricter than the state standard. Such zoning generates an economic loss by constraining development (development effect), and an economic ...

Economies of scale in wastewater treatment and planning for urban growth

Can urban growth patterns take advantage of economies of scale in infrastructure by relying on fewer and larger treatment plants? Estimates of potential cost savings from alternative wastewater treatment consolidation strategies for the metropolitan Chicago region suggest that the timing of consolidation is important. Carefully timed consolidation, even consolidation that takes place after development has occurred, might yield present value savings on the order of US�$170�million in capital costs. These potential savings are large enough that such strategies should be considered when planning for metropolitan growth.

original: Optimal investment in a tax increment financing district

In this paper we introduce a general model of property tax increment financed redevelopment. The model illustrates how expenditures on public infrastructure and housing induce private capital investment and growth in property values. It can be used to frame the problem of how best to manage a tax increment financing (or TIF) fund to realize redevelopment objectives. The solution to this problem suggests when the use of TIF is appropriate. We present estimates of the model`s parameters for a TIF district in Urbana, Illinois, a solution to the fund management problem, and an evaluation of TIF`s suitability in this case.

HDL cholesterol response to GH replacement is associated with common cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene variation (-629C > A) and modified by glucocorticoid treatment

Objective: GH replacement lowers total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in GH-deficient adults, but effects on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-C) are variable. Both GH and glucocorticoids decrease cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity, which is important in HDL metabolism. We determined the extent to which the changes in HDL-C in response to GH replacement are predicted by the -629C>A CETP promoter polymorphism, and questioned whether this association is modified by concomitant glucocorticoid treatment. Design and methods: A total of 91 GH-deficient adults (63 receiving glucocorticoids) were genotyped for the -629 CETP C>A polymorphism. Fasting serum lipids were measured before and after 1.2 +/- 0.4 years of GH treatment (Genotropin, Pfizer Inc., Stockholm, Sweden). Results: In the whole group, total cholesterol and LDL-C decreased (P Conclusions: We suggest a common CETP variant-glucocorticoid treatment interaction concerning the effect of GH replacement on HDL-C. This may explain some of the reported variation in the HDL-C response to GH