The intensive care unit admission predicting the factors of late complications in trauma patients: A prospective cohort study

Background: Organ failure (OF) and sepsis are important causes of late death in trauma. Previous studies reported the methods that could predict OF at the time of patient arrival. However, most of the evidence is from high-income countries, where health-care systems were different from developing countries. This research aimed to identify the factors to predict late complications in trauma patients in surgical intensive care units (SICUs). Methods: This study was a secondary data analysis from the THAI-SICU study, which was a prospective cohort study in nine university-based-SICUs in Thailand. Late complications were defined as any OF or sepsis that occurred after 48 h of ICU admission. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify the significant factors. Results: Three hundred and fourteen patients were eligible for the analysis. Late complications occurred in 60 patients (19). Patients who had complications had higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Enquiry (APACHE II) (15.8 vs. 12.4, P = 0.02) and Sequential OF Assessment (SOFA) scores on admission (6.7 vs. 3.8, P P = 0.04) and SOFA score on admission (OR = 1.2, 95% CI; 1.12-1.29, P P Conclusions: The incidence of late complications in trauma patients in the SICU was 19%. Current smoking and SOFA score might be valuable in future prediction of late complications during admission

Postoperative management with dexmedetomidine in a pregnant patient who underwent AVM nidus removal: a case report

Abstract Background Following cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) surgery, severe brain edema and hemorrhage may be caused by postoperative normal perfusion pressure breakthrough (NPPB). Sedation is necessary for this population. It is a challenge for the anesthesiologist to maintain hemodynamic stability without interfering with the neurological assessment. In Japan, propofol is contraindicated for pregnant patients. Dexmedetomidine is a versatile drug in anesthesia practice and may be useful for this situation. There is no report using dexmedetomidine for the purpose of NPPB control in pregnant patients. We describe the postoperative management with dexmedetomidine for a pregnant patient who underwent cerebral AVM nidus removal. Case presentation A 32-year-old patient presented with headache at the 16th week of gestation. Neuroimaging revealed an intraventricular hemorrhage and an AVM at the right anterior horn of the lateral ventricle which caused bleeding. A multidisciplinary team discussion was done, and then a craniotomy for AVM nidus removal was performed under general anesthesia. Preanesthetic aspiration prophylaxis and rapid sequence induction were added to our conventional anesthetic management. Hypotension occurred after anesthetic induction but the patient recovered by volume resuscitation and vasopressors. Anesthesia was maintained with 50% O2 in air and sevoflurane. The AVM was completely removed, and no perioperative complications occurred. Postoperative sedation with dexmedetomidine was used to prevent breakthrough hyperperfusion and cerebral edema. Conclusions Dexmedetomidine infusion was used for postoperative sedation without causing any side effects, and it can be an alternative for sedation, especially when propofol is contraindicated