3,785 research outputs found
In the name of the greater good?
In the event of a pandemic that poses widespread infection and high death rates, the utilitarian mandate to ‘reduce harm’ is the relevant moral value that trumps other ethical considerations. The primacy of a utilitarian approach dictates that those who are in a position to assist the cessation of the most serious outbreaks in whatever role they may have, must be present to provide their services, and those who administer health care must also be present to ensure that all responders are supported and protected to the highest degree
Sensory Transduction: Confusing the Senses
SummaryTwo new studies in the fruit fly Drosophila demonstrate unexpected molecular, and mechanistic, overlaps between the different senses. In the centre stand two long-established families of sensory proteins — rhodopsins and TRP channels
Propagation of Exchange Bias in CoFe/FeMn/CoFe Trilayers
CoFe/FeMn, FeMn/CoFe bilayers and CoFe/FeMn/CoFe trilayers were grown in
magnetic field and at room temperature. The exchange bias field
depends strongly on the order of depositions and is much higher at CoFe/FeMn
than at FeMn/CoFe interfaces. By combining the two bilayer structures into
symmetric CoFe/FeMn()/CoFe trilayers, and
of the top and bottom CoFe layers, respectively, are both enhanced.
Reducing of the trilayers also results in enhancements of
both and . These results evidence the propagation of
exchange bias between the two CoFe/FeMn and FeMn/CoFe interfaces mediated by
the FeMn antiferromagnetic order
USSF CAPABILITY GAP IN THE ARCTIC
Includes Supplementary MaterialHow can the United States Army Special Operations Command (USASOC) influence Arctic policy, improve Arctic strategy, and optimize Arctic readiness in support of the 2022 National Defense Strategy and National Security Strategy, 2019 DOD Arctic Strategy, and the 2022 Army Arctic Strategy? As we shift focus from Global War on Terror to Strategic Competition, we find ourselves unprepared to compete in critical areas across a range of emerging competition zones, especially in the Arctic. SOF is often ahead of the larger military apparatus in innovation and development and as such must take an active role in defining its role and strategy in the Arctic. This recommended guidance would help address some of our primary findings:
● Arctic security and readiness require Special Operations support.
● Strategic leaders lack a clear understanding of SOF capabilities in the Arctic.
● USASOC units lack the manning, training, and equipping to campaign effectively in the Arctic and to successfully partner with our High North allies and our own indigenous Alaskans.
Our findings underpin the recommendation for SOCOM and USASOC to publish Arctic strategies and guidance to ensure our units are better prepared to operate in Arctic environments.Major, United States ArmyMajor, United States ArmyMajor, United States ArmyApproved for public release. Distribution is unlimited
Yoga for anxiety: a systematic review of the research evidence
Between March and June 2004, a systematic review was carried out of the research evidence on the effectiveness of yoga for the treatment of anxiety and anxiety disorders. Eight studies were reviewed. They reported positive results, although there were many methodological inadequacies. Owing to the diversity of conditions treated and poor quality of most of the studies, it is not possible to say that yoga is effective in treating anxiety or anxiety disorders in general. However, there are encouraging results, particularly with obsessive compulsive disorder. Further well conducted research is necessary which may be most productive if focused on specific anxiety disorders
Hydrogen atom in phase space. The Kirkwood-Rihaczek representation
We present a phase-space representation of the hydrogen atom using the
Kirkwood-Rikaczek distribution function. This distribution allows us to obtain
analytical results, which is quite unique because an exact analytical form of
the Wigner functions corresponding to the atom states is not known. We show how
the Kirkwood-Rihaczek distribution reflects properties of the hydrogen atom
wave functions in position and momentum representations.Comment: 5 pages (and 5 figures
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Infectivity in Greater Kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros)
Of all the species exposed naturally to the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) agent, the greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros), a nondomesticated bovine from Africa, appears to be the most susceptible to the disease. We present the results of mouse bioassay studies to show that, contrary to findings in cattle with BSE in which the tissue distribution of infectivity is the most limited recorded for any of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE), infectivity in greater kudu with BSE is distributed in as wide a range of tissues as occurs in any TSE. BSE agent was also detected in skin, conjunctiva, and salivary gland, tissues in which infectivity has not previously been reported in any naturally occurring TSE. The distribution of infectivity in greater kudu with BSE suggests possible routes for transmission of the disease and highlights the need for further research into the distribution of TSE infectious agents in other host species
Mechanisms of MR/N024524/1Scarless Repair at Time of Menstruation: Insights From Mouse Models
The human endometrium is a remarkable tissue which may experience up to 400 cycles of hormone-driven proliferation, differentiation and breakdown during a woman's reproductive lifetime. During menstruation, when the luminal portion of tissue breaks down, it resembles a bloody wound with piecemeal shedding, exposure of underlying stroma and a strong inflammatory reaction. In the absence of pathology within a few days the integrity of the tissue is restored without formation of a scar and the endometrium is able to respond appropriately to subsequent endocrine signals in preparation for establishment of pregnancy if fertilization occurs. Understanding mechanisms regulating scarless repair of the endometrium is important both for design of therapies which can treat conditions where this is aberrant (heavy menstrual bleeding, fibroids, endometriosis, Asherman's syndrome) as well as to provide new information that might allow us to reduce fibrosis and scar formation in other tissues. Menstruation only occurs naturally in species that exhibit spontaneous stromal cell decidualization during the fertile cycle such as primates (including women) and the Spiny mouse. To take advantage of genetic models and detailed time course analysis, mouse models of endometrial shedding/repair involving hormonal manipulation, artificial induction of decidualization and hormone withdrawal have been developed and refined. These models are useful in modeling dynamic changes across the time course of repair and have recapitulated key features of endometrial repair in women including local hypoxia and immune cell recruitment. In this review we will consider the evidence that scarless repair of endometrial tissue involves changes in stromal cell function including mesenchyme to epithelial transition, epithelial cell proliferation and multiple populations of immune cells. Processes contributing to endometrial fibrosis (Asherman's syndrome) as well as scarless repair of other tissues including skin and oral mucosa are compared to that of menstrual repair
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