ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITION OF ARTEMISIA VULGARIS GROWN IN EGYPT

Objective: The objective of this research was to evaluate the significance of the plant's origin and to assess the essential oil composition of Artemisia vulgaris grown in Egypt simultaneously evaluating the effect of environmental conditions on essential oil composition.Methods: Seeds were planted and the essential oils extracted, using hydrodistillation, from the plants that grew. The resulting essential oils were examined, using gas chromatography linked to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thus also evaluating the essential oil chemotype fingerprint†in A. vulgarisResults:  The study identified: the most abundant compounds being camphor, 3, 5-dimethylcyclohexane, germacrene D, cubebene, yomogi alcohol, artemisia alcohol, caryophyllene, while is lower concentrations thujopsene, muurolene, borneol, terpinen-4-ol, valencene, elemene and humulene. Despite the origins of the seeds, the chemical profile was very similar to those of plants grown in Egypt, thus suggesting essential oil composition was significantly influenced by the environmental conditions.Conclusion: Based on the present study, It is suggested that seed origin may play a less significant part if the seed is planted in an environment different to that of its origin, this study proved that and favors the plant-environment interaction to influence the secondary metabolite composition. This supports that plant metabolite profiles are greatly affected by the environment they are grown in.Â

Inhibitors of chloride corrosion of reinforcement steel in concrete based on derivatives of salts of carboxylic acids and dimethylaminopropylamine

In our study, we synthesised derivatives of salts of carboxylic acids and dimethylaminopropylamine: 3-(dimethylamino)propyl-1-ammonium acetate, 3-(dimethylamino)propyl-1-ammonium hexanoate, 3-(dimethylamino)propyl-1-ammonium octanoate, and 3-(dimethylamino)propyl-1-ammonium terephthalate. The structures of the molecules of the obtained substances were confirmed using physical methods: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and HPLC. Electrochemical methods (voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) and quantum chemical modeling were used to assess the inhibitory effect of the synthesised substances with regard to 35GS reinforcement steel. Experiments were conducted in a water extract from a mortar simulating concrete pore solution in the presence of chlorides inducing pitting corrosion. 3-(dimethylamino)propyl-1-ammonium terephthalate is expected to have the highest degree of protection (up to 71%) at a concentration of 2.0 g·dm–3. The highest degree of protection for the derivatives with alkyl radicals is 41–46% in a range of concentrations from 0.5 to 2.0 g·dm-3. The results of potentiodynamic measurements and quantum chemical modeling were close. Average level of degree of protection can be explained by a high concentration of chlorides in the model solution (1.00 mol·dm–3). The effectiveness of the obtained substances is to be further studied using fine-grained concrete. This will help to assess the impact of the additives on the capillary pore structure (permeability) of concrete and the concentration of chloride

South China Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The article is based on the author's personal experience of visiting the South China Botanical Garden in Guangzhou City. The Garden collections of plants contain about 14 thousand taxa. The basis of the collections are tropical plant species. Many rare and endangered plant species are preserved in the Garden. The Garden is currently a part of the South China Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Herbarium consists of 1 100 000 sheets. The Garden holds many educational activities and serves as a base for diverse scientific research

Botanical Garden of Peter the Great in the fourth century comes

Essay on the anniversary of the Botanical Garden of Peter the Great of Botanical Institute of RAS

The dynamics of the species into collections of the North American and the Himalayan hills in Alpinarium of Peter the Great Botanical Garden

Botanical gardens' collections of living plants are valuable not only because of their exhibitions, but also because of the data accumulated during introductions of new plants. Inventory allows to collect valuable material about introduction of different types of plants (species and taxa). Analysis of the available information allows to select and recommend advanced species (genus complex) for the needs of urbane floristics; the perennial herbaceous plants of mountain areas come in the first place. A new list of advanced ornamental and household plants is introduced in the article. The recommended plants can be used for urban gardening and various groundscape works, and for creation of seed orchards in the neighboring regions. The study of introduction results helps not only to determine the advanced species (and taxa), but to understand which spices will not be able to survive a long time in the new conditions (mainly because of the climate), for example in the North-West of Russia. Over the past 60 years, around 385 plants of 61 families has been introduced at the North American and Himalayan rock gardens of the Peter the Great Botanical Garden. In the 60s of the 20th century, the exposition of these rock gardens had nearly 130 species from 51 families, 20 years later – 254 plants of 55 families. In the beginning of the 21st century, there were 249 taxa of the 52 families. Since 2010, the Alpinarium had to undergo a major reconstruction following the restoration and addition of the collection. As of 2015, the exposition of the North American and Himalayan rock gardens has 200 species of 54 families

Index sporarum et seminum N 155 Hortus Botanicus Petri Mangi Instituti Botanici nom. V. L. Komarovii Academiae Scientiarum Rossicae pro mutua commutatione offert

The list of spores and seeds (Index seminum) No. 155, offered in exchange by the Peter the Great Botanical Garden, collected in 2017, 2016 and 2015

"Beautiful garden made of garbage" – Beijing Garden Expo Park as an example of a modern approach to creating public botanical gardens

Since the beginning of the new century, China has implemented numerous state programs for creating public parks and gardens throughout the country. These gardens serve as modern public botanical gardens. Emerging gardens and parks attract citizens not only as a place of recreation – these venues become centers and foundation for implementation of various educational programs for citizens, schoolchildren and students, landscape designers and experts in the field of ornamental plant cultivation. Such public gardens and new landscaped parks actively address regional environmental issues; they are examples of implementation of original projects for environmental protection. What is the most important here is that such modern public gardens create comfortable conditions for living and relaxing. To attract visitors, most of the parks create extraordinary expositions of plants, organize various flower fairs, open children playgrounds. The new parks, especially those with landscape projects, always have original and unique mass planting of ornamental and flowering perennials (Dahlia, Hosta, Hemerocallis, Paeonia - herbaceous species and varieties), bush (Buddleja, Weigela, tree species and varieties of the genus Paeonia, Rosa) or woody plant species (Amygdalus, Cerasus, Malus, Prunus, Syringa). There are projects for a comprehensive development and education of children (theme parks, dinosaur parks). The new public botanical gardens have an elaborate modern infrastructure for a comfortable stay of all categories of visitors. A new park in Beijing is a unique project implemented at a former city waste area. The project was started in 2010. In 2013, the park was opened for its first visitors. Today, it has 69 gardens representing different Chinese provinces and major cities, as well as other countries whose designers wanted to demonstrate their class. The created gardens of 1-2 to 10-12 hectares represent both traditional styles of Chinese gardens and the latest trends in the field of garden art. The Museum of Chinese Gardens and Landscape Architecture (MCGALA) is a part of the park’s vast territory of 513 hectares. The park also has the necessary infrastructure for its visitors with disabilities. Today, it has become a home for many educational institutions training specialists in the field of landscape design, as well as for the employees of the country’s parks, agronomists and gardeners

Seed laboratory, carpological collection, and exchange by seeds at the Peter the Great Botanical Garden

Today, no botanical garden can survive without a seed laboratory. Mainly, update of the living plants’ collections is possible through an exchange of plant material. Published lists of plants – whose seeds ripe in botanical gardens – provide data on the composition and ability to obtain mature seeds of different plant species. The article provides data on the development of the Peter the Great Botanical Garden that was established more than 200 years ago, its role and modern goals. Data on the present carpological collection (around 17.000 samples) is provided in the article as well

Nanning Golden Camellia Park

In China, city of Nanning, province of Guangxi (the urban district in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of the People’s Republic of China, the economic, administrative and cultural center of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region) there is a unique center for preservation of “golden camellias”. "Golden Camellias" - are yellow flower camellias. Currently, on the one hand, it is an amazing park of camellias, on the other - the world center for the conservation of the gene pool of these plants. The collection maintains 31 of 46 species of yellow camellias. This park is of interest as the only place where the diversity of varieties and species of the genus Camellia is concentrated, as well as a beautiful landscape park, in which various camellias are represented in the expositions. The best time to visit this park is the beginning of spring, from the end of January to the end of March - during this period different types and varieties of camellias can be seen in bloom

Alpinarium of Peter the Great Botanical Gardens. History of creation and principles of organization collection

In article shown history of Alpinarium collection on the Peter the Great Botanical Gardens V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute of Russian Academy of sciences. This collection (exposition) was founded in 1900. At the first was made one hill – Alpine mountain. During 1900-1904 were built 3 big hills: Caucasus and Crimea, Siberia and Far East and Northern America and Himalaya. During more than 100 years were investigated approximately 3000-3500 taxa. In new century on this collection started reconstruction. Add some new territory and remake some hills. Made some new hills look like “New Zealand”, “Mediterranean”. In general collection of living plants including edificatory, endemic, rare plants from flora of Russia and some others mountain regions. During approximately 100-110 years some species which bring in our Garden by Acad. V.L. Komarov from his expedition on Russian Far East in 1910-1912 years. It is Paeonia anomala L., Bergenia crassifolia (L.) Fritsch and B. pacifica Kom. (last species was described in our Garden from living plants). Some plants living per now on our Alpinarium collection