Seed productivity and adaptability potential of varieties and promising lines of sainfoin in the south of the Rostov region

Esparcet is not inferior to alfalfa in terms of fodder mass productivity, its nutritional value, content of protein and other nutrients. The main tasks in creating varieties of sainfoin are the selection of new, with high productivity of green mass and seeds, ecologically adapted, with a sufficiently high plasticity to a wide variation in the environmental conditions of its cultivation zones, varieties. The purpose of the research is to assess the plasticity, stability, stress resistance, genetic flexibility and homeostaticity of varieties and promising lines of sainfoin on the basis of “seed yield”. The studies were carried out in 2017-2021. Plot area 20 m2, fourfold repetition, seeding rate 500 pcs. germinating seeds per 1 m2. Seed harvesting was carried out by direct combining. Over the years of research, the seed yield was higher for the Atamansky 20 variety (0.86 t/ha) and the promising lines Sin 3/2004 (0.88 t/ha), Sin 5/2010 (0.91 t/ha) and Sin 3 /2010 (0.94 t/ha). It was established that varieties Veles (bi = 0.15), Atamansky (bi = 0.29) and Zernogradsky 2 (bi = 0.32) react poorly to changing conditions. The values of the stability coefficient of the studied varieties and lines varied from 0.0009 to 0.0076. The sainfoin varieties Sudar (σd2 = 0.0009), Atamansky (σd2 = 0.0010), Veles (σd2 = 0.0015) have the highest stability. The varieties of sainfoin Atamansky, Sudar, Atamansky 20 and Veles were distinguished by wide homeostaticity. they have high plasticity, stability and stress resistance

Fuzzy adaptive control system of a non-stationary plant with closed-loop passive identifier

Abstract Typically chemical processes have significant nonlinear dynamics, but despite this, industry is conventionally still using PID-based regulatory control systems. Moreover, process units are interconnected, in terms of inlet and outlet material/energy flows, to other neighboring units, thus their dynamic behavior is strongly influenced by these connections and, as a consequence, conventional control systems performance often proves to be poor. This paper proposes a hybrid fuzzy PID control logic, whose tuning parameters are provided in real time. The fuzzy controller tuning is made on the basis of Mamdani controller, also exploiting the results coming from an identification procedure that is carried on when an unmeasured step disturbance of any shape affects the process behavior. In addition, this paper compares a fuzzy logic based PID with PID regulators whose tuning is performed by standard and well-known methods. In some cases the proposed tuning methodology ensures a control performance that is comparable to that guaranteed by simpler and more common tuning methods. However, in case of dynamic changes in the parameters of the controlled system, conventionally tuned PID controllers do not show to be robust enough, thus suggesting that fuzzy logic based PIDs are definitively more reliable and effective

Seed productivity and adaptability potential of varieties and promising lines of sainfoin in the south of the Rostov region

Esparcet is not inferior to alfalfa in terms of fodder mass productivity, its nutritional value, content of protein and other nutrients. The main tasks in creating varieties of sainfoin are the selection of new, with high productivity of green mass and seeds, ecologically adapted, with a sufficiently high plasticity to a wide variation in the environmental conditions of its cultivation zones, varieties. The purpose of the research is to assess the plasticity, stability, stress resistance, genetic flexibility and homeostaticity of varieties and promising lines of sainfoin on the basis of “seed yield”. The studies were carried out in 2017-2021. Plot area 20 m2, fourfold repetition, seeding rate 500 pcs. germinating seeds per 1 m2. Seed harvesting was carried out by direct combining. Over the years of research, the seed yield was higher for the Atamansky 20 variety (0.86 t/ha) and the promising lines Sin 3/2004 (0.88 t/ha), Sin 5/2010 (0.91 t/ha) and Sin 3 /2010 (0.94 t/ha). It was established that varieties Veles (bi = 0.15), Atamansky (bi = 0.29) and Zernogradsky 2 (bi = 0.32) react poorly to changing conditions. The values of the stability coefficient of the studied varieties and lines varied from 0.0009 to 0.0076. The sainfoin varieties Sudar (σd2 = 0.0009), Atamansky (σd2 = 0.0010), Veles (σd2 = 0.0015) have the highest stability. The varieties of sainfoin Atamansky, Sudar, Atamansky 20 and Veles were distinguished by wide homeostaticity. they have high plasticity, stability and stress resistance

Equilibrium among Inflammatory Factors Determines Human MSC-Mediated Immunosuppressive Effect

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are thought to be a promising therapeutic agent due to their multiple paracrine and immunomodulatory properties, providing protection from chronic inflammation and promoting tissue repair. MSCs can regulate the balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors in inflamed tissues, creating a microenvironment necessary for successful healing; however, their interactions with immune cells are still poorly studied. We examined the temporal and spatial changes in gene regulation and the paracrine milieu accompanying the MSC-mediated immunosuppression effect in mixed cultures with activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Our data reveal that the peak of suppression of PBMC proliferation was achieved within 48 h following co-culture with MSCs and subsequently did not undergo a significant change. This effect was accompanied by an increase in COX-2 expression and an induction of IDO synthesis in MSCs. At this point, the expression of IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, MCP-1, and G-CSF was upregulated in co-cultured cells. On the contrary, we observed a decrease in the concentrations of IL-10, IL-13, IL-5, and MIP-1b in co-culture supernatants compared to intact cultures of activated PBMCs. The regulation of IDO, IL-1, IL-6, and G-CSF production was accomplished with the involvement of direct cell–cell contact between MSCs and PBMCs. These findings provide new insights into the use of potential precondition inducers or their combinations to obtain functionally qualified MSCs for more effective treatment of inflammatory diseases