59 research outputs found
Infertility in the Global South: Raising awareness and generating insights for policy and practice
Infertility in the Global South: Raising awareness and generating insights for policy and practice
HIV acquisition prior to entry into formal sex work: inference from next-generation viral sequencing.
OBJECTIVE: To infer the timing of HIV acquisition in relation to self-reported events in the sexual life course of adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) who self-identify as female sex workers (FSW) in Mombasa, Kenya. DESIGN: Next-generation viral sequencing of samples of AGYW living with HIV in the Transitions study, a cross-sectional bio-behavioural survey of AGYW aged 14-24âyears in Mombasa, Kenya. METHOD: Dried blood spot specimens were collected from study participants ( n â=â37, all FSW). A portion of the HIV pol gene was sequenced using an in-house next-generation sequencing assay for HIV drug resistance mutation genotyping. Estimated time since infection (ETI) was inferred using the HIV EVO web-based tool ( https://hiv.biozentrum.unibas.ch/ETI/ ), and data on self-reported events were obtained from the survey. RESULTS: The median ETI among FSW was 3.4 (interquartile rangeâ=â1.7, 6.3) years, with a median ETI of 1.5âyears prior to entry into formal sex work. We estimated that 74.1% (95% confidence interval = 53.7-88.9%) of participants living with HIV and who self-identified as FSW likely acquired HIV prior to self-identification as a sex worker. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest a large fraction of prevalent HIV infection among AGYW engaged in sex work stems from acquisition prior to entry into formal sex work. Current HIV prevention programs tailored for sex workers may miss key opportunities for HIV prevention as they are designed to reach women after entry into formal sex work, signaling a need for tailored programs to reach high-risk AGYW earlier on in their sexual life course
Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision: Translating Research into the Rapid Expansion of Services in Kenya, 2008â2011
Zebedee Mwandi and colleagues discuss Kenya's scale-up of voluntary medical male circumcision services, highlighting government leadership, a clear implementation strategy, and program flexibility and innovation as keys to Kenya's success
Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision: Modeling the Impact and Cost of Expanding Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention in Eastern and Southern Africa
Emmanuel Njeuhmeli and colleagues estimate the impact and cost of scaling up adult medical male circumcision in 13 priority countries in eastern and southern Africa, finding that reaching 80% coverage and maintaining it until 2025 would avert 3.36 million new HIV infections
Track E Implementation Science, Health Systems and Economics
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138412/1/jia218443.pd
The effect of facility-based antiretroviral therapy programs on outpatient services in Kenya and Uganda
Application of plant biotechnology to the conservation of the germplasm of endangered or horticultural species endemic to the Cape Floristic Kingdom
Application of plant biotechnology to the conservation of the
germplasm of endangered or horticultural species endemic to
the Cape Floristic Kingdom
JICSTDA: Joint International Conference on Science and
Technology for Development in Africa, Cape Town,
26-28 June 201
In vitro asybiotic seed germination of rare Phalaeonopsis species and hybrids
In vitro asybiotic seed germination of rare Phalaeonopsis species
and hybrids
JICSTDA: Joint International Conference on Science and Technology
for Development in Africa, Cape Town, 26-28 June 201
Fencing solves humanâwildlife conflict locally but shifts problems elsewhere: A case study using functional connectivity modelling of the African elephant
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