4,358 research outputs found
Twelve-tone Serialism: Exploring the Works of Anton Webern
Mathematics and Music are related and intertwined, and the invention of serialism in the 20th century highlights this fact. Serialism is a technique of music composition that uses mathematics to structure different elements of music, such as pitch and rhythm. For hundreds of years, music all over the Western world was tonal, which means there is a hierarchy of some pitches being more important than others. Serialism is a form of atonality, which is the composition of music that attempts to use all twelve pitch-classes equally. I examine twelve-tone serialism, which was created by Arnold Schoenberg and developed by his students Alban Berg and Anton Webern. This form utilizes a row, which is an ordering of the twelve pitch classes that can be transformed in various ways and serves as the thematic material for the entire piece. In particular, I analyzed Webern’s Variations, Op. 27 to examine how he utilized twelve-tone serialism
Emergency Conservation on Indian Lands
The commercial forests on Indian reservations within the United States cover approximately 6,500,000 acres. Over 5,000,000 acres may be classed as woodland because of a growth thereon of pinion, juniper and other non-commercial species. Nearly 40,000,000 acres are classed as being primarily grazing lands. While the amount of forest and grazing areas comprises but a small percentage of the lands of such classification in the nation, such land is o£ great economic importance and forms a substantial portion of the total area within such States as Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma and South Dakota
Indiana’s Malpractice System: No-Fault by Accident?
Indiana\u27s medical malpractice tort and insurance reforms were studied. The analysis showed that relatively subtle administrative arrangements for the management of claims at the state level may influence whether claimants are treated fairly by a system that is tightly structured to control claim severity and thus the price and availability of malpractice insurance for providers
Damping of Electron Density Structures and Implications for Interstellar Scintillation
The forms of electron density structures in kinetic Alfven wave turbulence
are studied in connection with scintillation. The focus is on small scales cm where the Kinetic Alfv\'en wave (KAW) regime is active in
the interstellar medium. MHD turbulence converts to a KAW cascade, starting at
10 times the ion gyroradius and continuing to smaller scales. These scales are
inferred to dominate scintillation in the theory of Boldyrev et al. From
numerical solutions of a decaying kinetic Alfv\'en wave turbulence model,
structure morphology reveals two types of localized structures, filaments and
sheets, and shows that they arise in different regimes of resistive and
diffusive damping. Minimal resistive damping yields localized current filaments
that form out of Gaussian-distributed initial conditions. When resistive
damping is large relative to diffusive damping, sheet-like structures form. In
the filamentary regime, each filament is associated with a non-localized
magnetic and density structure, circularly symmetric in cross section. Density
and magnetic fields have Gaussian statistics (as inferred from Gaussian-valued
kurtosis) while density gradients are strongly non-Gaussian, more so than
current. This enhancement of non-Gaussian statistics in a derivative field is
expected since gradient operations enhance small-scale fluctuations. The
enhancement of density gradient kurtosis over current kurtosis is not obvious,
yet it suggests that modest fluctuation levels in electron density may yield
large scintillation events during pulsar signal propagation in the interstellar
medium. In the sheet regime the same statistical observations hold, despite the
absence of localized filamentary structures. Probability density functions are
constructed from statistical ensembles in both regimes, showing clear formation
of long, highly non-Gaussian tails
Slow roll in simple non-canonical inflation
We consider inflation using a class of non-canonical Lagrangians for which
the modification to the kinetic term depends on the field, but not its
derivatives. We generalize the standard Hubble slow roll expansion to the
non-canonical case and derive expressions for observables in terms of the
generalized slow roll parameters. We apply the general results to the
illustrative case of ``Slinky'' inflation, which has a simple, exactly
solvable, non-canonical representation. However, when transformed into a
canonical basis, Slinky inflation consists of a field oscillating on a
multi-valued potential. We calculate the power spectrum of curvature
perturbations for Slinky inflation directly in the non-canonical basis, and
show that the spectrum is approximately a power law on large scales, with a
``blue'' power spectrum. On small scales, the power spectrum exhibits strong
oscillatory behavior. This is an example of a model in which the widely used
solution of Garriga and Mukhanov gives the wrong answer for the power spectrum.Comment: 9 pages, LaTeX, four figures. (V2: minor changes to text. Version
submitted to JCAP.
Inducer dynamics full-flow, full-admission hydraulic turbine drive Interim report for tasks 1, 2, and 3
Hydrodynamical and mechanical design layout for two-speed hydraulic turbine inducer, computer simulation of pumping system and test facility performance, and study of demonstration uni
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