Outpatient Civil Commitment in North Carolina: Constitutional and Policy Concerns

Outpatient commitment of the mentally ill is court-ordered treatment in the community and is usually characterized by short, recurring visits to a mental health clinic that provides treatment such as medication, individual or group therapy, day or part-day activities or supervision of living arrangements. The history and design of the North Carolina preventive commitment scheme and constitutional difficulties with this statute are discussed

Military service and crime: new evidence

BACKGROUND: Evidence indicates that a substantial proportion of military personnel are involved in high-risk and antisocial behaviors that place them at jeopardy for criminal justice system involvement. However, prior research on military service and crime has disproportionately focused on veterans from the Vietnam War era (1955–1975), and has tended to focus on either current or former military members. METHODS: This study employed data from a population-based study (i.e., National Study on Drug Use and Health [NSDUH] between 2002 and 2014). It systematically examines the prevalence of self-reported antisocial behaviors, criminal justice system involvement, and substance abuse among the US civilian population and military service members, including reservists (n = 2206) and those who reported having been separated or retired from military service (n = 20,551). These factors are further examined across the developmental spectrum of adulthood (ages 18–34, 35–49, and 50–64). RESULTS: Results showed that military members were more prone to lifetime arrests and overall substance misuse. However, additional findings emerged suggesting that, while the military population overall seems to be positively associated with higher criminal activity than that found in the civilian population, these findings were based on a specific subgroup of the veteran population. This subgroup is comprised of individuals who likely did not fit in with the military culture and were discharged from the military early in their careers. CONCLUSION: Additional research on identifying this subgroup of military members is encouraged to better concentrate on prevention and treatment measures

Dominating Sets in Plane Triangulations

In 1996, Matheson and Tarjan conjectured that any n-vertex triangulation with n sufficiently large has a dominating set of size at most n/4. We prove this for graphs of maximum degree 6.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures; Revised lemmas 6-8, clarified arguments and fixed typos, result unchange

Assessing the demographic and genetic contributions of precocial males in a naturally spawning population of coho salmon

Thesis (M.S.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2022Despite the importance of alternative life history strategies to population productivity, little is known about the mating structure of precocial ('jack') males in Pacific salmon. The number of successful matings obtained by jacks in the wild is not well characterized and the impact of including or excluding jacks in the management of Pacific salmon populations is unknown. This study aims to fill knowledge gaps in the understanding of jack life history by 1) determining the typical contribution of jacks to the next generation in a natural mating population; and 2) estimating the impact of jacks on genetic diversity. The study capitalizes upon 11 years of demographic and genetic data from a naturally spawning population of Coho Salmon from Auke Creek, in Juneau, Alaska. Individuals returning over this time period (~8,000 individuals) were genotyped at ~250 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci. Using these genotypes, we quantified the adult-to-adult reproductive success of different male types using parentage analysis for each of seven return years and compared genetic and demographic estimates of effective population size. We demonstrated that although jacks were less successful than full-size males on a per individual basis, they contributed substantially to the population and influenced population and evolutionary dynamics.Alaska SeaGrant and Douglas Island Pink and Chum, IncGeneral introduction -- Chapter 1 : Reproductive success of precocial and full-size males in a wild coho salmon population -- Chapter 2 : Jack contribution to effective population size in a naturally spawning salmon population -- General conclusion