Luminescent labelling with coumarin-6-sulphonyl chloride

A study has been made of a novel fluorescent and phosphorescent label 6-coumarinsulphonyl chloride (6-CSCl) based an the coumarin nucleus with a reactive group similar to dansyl chloride. The synthesis, analysis, derivatisation and application of the label to certain analytical problems have been studied. The label was obtained in a high state of purity by a straightforward sulphonation of the counarin nucleus. Characterisation of the label was carried out using mass spectrometry, NMR and IR, its purity was verified by elemental analysis. The label was found to be highly stable and react at room temperature with phenolic and amino groups. The luminescence properties of the label and its derivatives were investigated both at room temperature and at 77K. The room temperature fluorescence showed a strong pH dependence which was not observed at 77K. Environmental effects on the fluorescence properties of the derivatives at room temperature were investigated. Linearity range, quantum yields and the detection limits of the derivatives were determined. The optimum derivatisation conditions for various compounds were determined by HPLC. The analytical applications of the label were investigated by studying the behaviour of the derivatives in HPLC and TLC systems. In the area of HPLC, both pre-c6lumn and post-column derivatisation were attempted. The ion-pair pre-column derivatisation technique was found to be more suitable for this work. TLC analysis was performed on both normal phase and HPTLC plates. The separated components were detected using absorbance and phosphorimetry. Synthesis of the labels with substituents at the 4 and 7 position of the coumarin nucleus were carried out. The behaviour of the modified labels and their derivatives were compared with the original label and its derivatives

Girls just wanna have fun! South Asian women in the UK diaspora:Gradations of choice, agency, consent and coercion

Much literature views South Asian women in the UK through the prism of arranged marriage and, when discussing gender-based violence, forced marriage. Little attention is paid to South Asian women's experiences of dating, with no commitment to marriage. This paper is based on qualitative research using the theoretical framework of Black Feminist Theory and Intersectionality to analyse how women, who feel they are making their own choices and exercising agency by dating, can, through gendered power dynamics be pressured into marriages. This paper explores how such experiences can elucidate the manifestations of forced marriage and adds to this complex picture of how women entering an intimate relationship of choice, can be entrapped into forced marriage.</p

Merger and Industrial Acceleration: Study at Indonesian Islamic Banking Industry

The purpose of this research tries to feed the alternatives of merger between Islamic banks which becomes a form of recommendation to optimize the merger result, so it will contribute to the development of Indonesia\u27s banking sector in particular. Methodolgy of this study is using comparison technique utilize result of calculation valuation based on valuation theory in general with method discounted cash flaw (DCF). Valuation data processing using data past performance sharia banks is to plan future financial performance. Results of valuation will be conducted both with individual banks that will be merged and alternative merger determined. These findings implied from various possibility alternative mergers between sharia banks, there are 5 alternatives that are feasible considering the internal aspect such as tendency shareholder and condition sharia bank to be merged related to internal interest and external aspect namely scale of assets from merger banks and probability success from merger process.DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v6i1.472

Passive Seismic Tomography Using Induced Seismicity at a Petroleum Field in Oman

A borehole network consisting of 5 monitoring wells was used to monitor the induced seismicity at a producing petroleum field for a period of about 11 months. Nearly 5400 microseismic events were analyzed and utilized in imaging the reservoir based on a new doubledifference (DD) seismic tomography. The DD tomography method simultaneously solves for event locations and Vp, Vs, and Vp/Vs models using absolute and differential P, S and S-P arrival times. Microseismicity in the field was primarily caused by compaction of the reservoir in and above the gas bearing formation and was distributed along the two major northeastsouthwest (NE-SW) faults in the field. The model resolution analysis based on the checkerboard test and the resolution matrix showed that the central part of the model was relatively well resolved for the depth range of 0.7 to 1.1 km. Clear velocity contrasts were imaged across most parts of the two NE-SW faults. Vp/Vs ratio estimations from the tomographic inversion were low (<1.75) in the shallow depth range, likely due to lithology and gas content, whereas they were large (>1.75) in the deeper part of the model, likely due to fluid saturated formation. In this study seismic tomography showed a great potential for reservoir imaging and property estimation using induced seismicity.Petroleum Development Oma

Scenarios for Climate Change Mitigation from the Energy Sector in Indonesia: The Role of Fiscal Instruments

As mandated by the recent Copenhagen Accord, Indonesia submitted a nationally appropriate mitigation actions plan to reduce greenhouse gasses emission by 26% by 2020. However, for now, specific strategies especially appropriate instruments to achieve those targets are yet under early planning stage. This study is an attempt to contribute to the policy design on how Indonesia can achieve that target in particular for the energy sector by looking directly at specific instruments available and under the discretion of Indonesian government particularly the Ministry of Finance. For this purpose, we constructed AGEFIS-E model, a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model with a focus on energy sector and fiscal instruments. As the departure from the previous literature on CGE modeling in Indonesia, this model incorporates explicitly the renewable energy such as geothermal and hydropower. It was used to exercise various scenarios of finding an effective mix of instruments to reduce emissions from the energy sector. We find that a scenario of engineering the energy relative prices through pricing-instruments is an effective way to achieve a given target of reducing emissions from the energy sectors. More specifically, we conclude that removing energy subsidy (fuel and electricity) can contribute to significant reduction in carbon emissions. Adding a carbon tax to the policy mix will complement to find the best scenario to achieve a certain target of emissions reduction. A target of 14% reduction of emissions from the energy sector, for example, can be achieved by removing energy subsidy complemented by a carbon tax of only around US$3/ton CO2. Half of the reduction is attributed to the removing energy subsidy alone, suggesting evidence that the emissions reduction potential of energy pricing reform has been overlooked in the policy agenda.climate change, computable general equilibrium model, fiscal instruments, energy, Indonesia

Seventeen Amino Acid Peptide (Peptide P) for Treating Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury

Peptide P, having the amino acid sequence Tyr-D-Ala-Phe-Ala-Asp-Val-Ala-Ser-Thr-Ile-Gly-Asp-Phe-Phe-His-Ser-Ile-NH2, is useful to treat ischemia