The Global Burden of Alveolar Echinococcosis

Human alveolar echinococcosis (AE), caused by the larval stage of the fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis, is amongst the world's most dangerous zoonoses. Transmission to humans is by consumption of parasite eggs which are excreted in the faeces of the definitive hosts: foxes and, increasingly, dogs. Transmission can be through contact with the definitive host or indirectly through contamination of food or possibly water with parasite eggs. We made an intensive search of English, Russian, Chinese and other language databases. We targeted data which could give country specific incidence or prevalence of disease and searched for data from every country we believed to be endemic for AE. We also used data from other sources (often unpublished). From this information we were able to make an estimate of the annual global incidence of disease and disease burden using standard techniques for calculation of DALYs. Our studies suggest that AE results in a median of 18,235 cases globally with a burden of 666,433 DALYs per annum. This is the first estimate of the global burden of AE both in terms of global incidence and DALYs and demonstrates the burden of AE is comparable to several diseases in the neglected tropical disease cluster

Congenital trichinellosis ? Case report

A large trichinellosis outbreak in the Slovak Republic caused by the species Trichinella britovi and affecting 336 people also affected a pregnant woman. The mother was infected in the 10thth week of pregnancy and was treated with mebendazole. On her own request abortion was performed in the 22nd week of pregnancy. Medium lgM and high lgG anti-Trichinella antibody titres were found. The placenta, body cavities liquid, tissues and organs of the foetus contained 0.02 - 30 larvae per gram of tissue, measuring 0.68 ± 0.05 - 1.17 ± 0.07 mm, with blurred inner structure. Immunocytochemical examination identified Trichinella larvae that infected the foetus in the early stage of development

Congenital trichinellosis ? Case report

A large trichinellosis outbreak in the Slovak Republic caused by the species Trichinella britovi and affecting 336 people also affected a pregnant woman. The mother was infected in the 10thth week of pregnancy and was treated with mebendazole. On her own request abortion was performed in the 22nd week of pregnancy. Medium lgM and high lgG anti-Trichinella antibody titres were found. The placenta, body cavities liquid, tissues and organs of the foetus contained 0.02 - 30 larvae per gram of tissue, measuring 0.68 ± 0.05 - 1.17 ± 0.07 mm, with blurred inner structure. Immunocytochemical examination identified Trichinella larvae that infected the foetus in the early stage of development

Trichinellosis in the Slovak Republic

The occurrence of trichinellosis in farm or wildlife animals in some areas pose the permanent risk of infection in humans. In Slovakia, where only the sylvatic trichinellosis exists, the humans trichinellosis is sporadic. The most common cause of infection is wild boar meat. Unusual local eating customs may also favour an outbreak of disease in humans. The outbreak of trichinellosis in Slovakia in 1998, when 336 people were affected, was of the same kind. Trichinella britovi was the agent of the infection

Trichinellosis in the Slovak Republic

The occurrence of trichinellosis in farm or wildlife animals in some areas pose the permanent risk of infection in humans. In Slovakia, where only the sylvatic trichinellosis exists, the humans trichinellosis is sporadic. The most common cause of infection is wild boar meat. Unusual local eating customs may also favour an outbreak of disease in humans. The outbreak of trichinellosis in Slovakia in 1998, when 336 people were affected, was of the same kind. Trichinella britovi was the agent of the infection