Near-Limb Zeeman and Hanle Diagnostics

"Weak" magnetic-field diagnostics in faint objects near the bright solar disk are discussed in terms of the level of non-object signatures, in particular, of the stray light in telescopes. Calculated dependencies of the stray light caused by diffraction at the 0.5-, 1.6-, and 4-meter entrance aperture are presented. The requirements for micro-roughness of refractive and reflective primary optics are compared. Several methods for reducing the stray light (the Lyot coronagraphic technique, multiple stages of apodizing in the focal and exit pupil planes, apodizing in the entrance aperture plane with a special mask), and reducing the random and systematic errors are noted. An acceptable level of stray light in telescopes is estimated for the V-profile recording with a signal-to-noise ratio greater than three. Prospects for the limb chromosphere magnetic measurements are indicated.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure

The hyphenation of the void: from eastern ecology to western architecture

This thesis explores the cultural cross-fertilization between the orient and the occident by studying the eastern concept of the void that brings all components of the universe into a fluid continuous whole. This void is not in binary opposition to the full as in western dualism but rather co-exists with the full in a dynamic balance and complementary position following the Taoist philosophy. It is thus essentially characterized by its perpetual mutation, its transience. In this perspective, the oriental void emerges as a set of connections that incessantly evolve through time: the hyphenation of the void. My research proposes to incorporate this interpretation of the oriental void into the occidental architectural approach. Therefore, it develops the idea of conceptual and material hyphens that are familiar images to western culture and that also provide tangible and material expressions to the hyphenation. Conceptual hyphens serve as a sensible metaphor for the elusive principles of the void while material hyphens give materiality and palpability to the abstract notion of the void. These definitions are not mutually exclusive so that a hyphen can be both conceptual and material at times. Hyphens are then used as design devices in the architectural practice of the void. Their combination generates the architectural projects’ narratives, material substance and, affects their visual representations. The subsequent architecture of the void appears as an organic entity which grows and decays through its endless interactions with the surrounding environment. The latter is not restricted to the usual urban and architectural conditions but expands to socio-cultural, economical and political parameters. This architecture is thus always in the process of becoming amid a wide ecosystem and prompts the awakening of its users to the present moment in the current situation. In consequence, it generates an ecology of the void where architecture is experienced in the Heideggerian sense as a built thing that enables its users to dwell in unison with the universe. The issue of hyphenation is in fact a reflection on my own status an inbetweener drifting in the east–west intercultural flow of our nomadic contemporary society. The thesis represents, therefore, an investigation into my personal way of life

Supersymmetry Breaking and Dilaton Stabilization in String Gas Cosmology

In this Note we study supersymmetry breaking via gaugino condensation in string gas cosmology. We show that the same gaugino condensate which is introduced to stabilize the dilaton breaks supersymmetry. We study the constraints on the scale of supersymmetry breaking which this mechanism leads to.Comment: 11 page

Pressure and linear heat capacity in the superconducting state of thoriated UBe13

Even well below Tc, the heavy-fermion superconductor (U,Th)Be13 has a large linear term in its specific heat. We show that under uniaxial pressure, the linear heat capacity increases in magnitude by more than a factor of two. The change is reversible and suggests that the linear term is an intrinsic property of the material. In addition, we find no evidence of hysteresis or of latent heat in the low-temperature and low-pressure portion of the phase diagram, showing that all transitions in this region are second order.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Phase diagram and optical conductivity of the one-dimensional spinless Holstein model

The effects of quantum lattice fluctuations on the Peierls transition and the optical conductivity in the one-dimensional Holstein model of spinless fermions have been studied by developing an analytical approach, based on the unitary transformation method. We show that when the electron-phonon coupling constant decreases to a finite critical value the Peierls dimerization is destroyed by the quantum lattice fluctuations. The dimerization gap is much more reduced by the quantum lattice fluctuations than the phonon order parameter. The calculated optical conductivity does not have the inverse-square-root singularity but have a peak above the gap edge and there exists a significant tail below the peak. The peak of optical-conductivity spectrum is not directly corresponding to the dimerized gap. Our results of the phase diagram and the spectral-weight function agree with those of the density matrix renormalization group and the exact diagonalization methods.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures include

Background field boundary conditions for affine Toda field theories

Classical integrability is investigated for affine Toda field theories in the presence of a constant background tensor field. This leads to a further set of discrete possibilities for integrable boundary conditions depending upon the time-derivative of the fields at the boundary but containing no free parameters other than the bulk coupling constant.Comment: 21 pages, harvma

Scaling and finte-size-scaling in the two dimensional random-coupling Ising ferromagnet

It is shown by Monte Carlo method that the finite size scaling (FSS) holds in the two dimensional random-coupled Ising ferromagnet. It is also demonstrated that the form of universal FSS function constructed via novel FSS scheme depends on the strength of the random coupling for strongly disordered cases. Monte Carlo measurements of thermodynamic (infinite volume limit) data of the correlation length ($\xi$) up to $\xi \simeq 200$ along with measurements of the fourth order cumulant ratio (Binder's ratio) at criticality are reported and analyzed in view of two competing scenarios. It is demonstrated that the data are almost exclusively consistent with the scenario of weak universality.Comment: 9 pages, 4figuer

Fano resonances and Aharonov-Bohm effects in transport through a square quantum dot molecule

We study the Aharonov-Bohm effect in a coupled 2$\times$2 quantum dot array with two-terminals. A striking conductance dip arising from the Fano interference is found as the energy levels of the intermediate dots are mismatched, which is lifted in the presence of a magnetic flux. A novel five peak structure is observed in the conductance for large mismatch. The Aharonov-Bohm evolution of the linear conductance strongly depends on the configuration of dot levels and interdot and dot-lead coupling strengths. In addition, the magnetic flux and asymmetry between dot-lead couplings can induce the splitting and combination of the conductance peak(s).Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures, Revtex, to be published in Phys. Rev.

Separate and combined effects of oligofructose and inulin on post-weaning coli bacillosis and weight gain: a preliminary study

Trends for a reduction in the use of dietary antibiotic growth promoters have caused increased interest in the use of alternative feed additives to maintain 'gut health' after weaning. Oligofructose and inulin are 'prebiotic' fructan-containing carbohydrates purported to enhance 'gut health' in newly-weaned pigs by altering microbial diversity (Konstantinov, et al., 2003). However, their effects using a challenge model of post-weaning colibacillosis (PWC) have never been examined. The aim of the present study was to compare the separate and combined effects of oligofructose and inulin supplementation on the occurrence of diarrhoea and the weight performance in piglets experimentally challenged with enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)

Anomalous scaling of a passive scalar in the presence of strong anisotropy

Field theoretic renormalization group and the operator product expansion are applied to a model of a passive scalar field, advected by the Gaussian strongly anisotropic velocity field. Inertial-range anomalous scaling behavior is established, and explicit asymptotic expressions for the n-th order structure functions of scalar field are obtained; they are represented by superpositions of power laws with nonuniversal (dependent on the anisotropy parameters) anomalous exponents. In the limit of vanishing anisotropy, the exponents are associated with tensor composite operators built of the scalar gradients, and exhibit a kind of hierarchy related to the degree of anisotropy: the less is the rank, the less is the dimension and, consequently, the more important is the contribution to the inertial-range behavior. The leading terms of the even (odd) structure functions are given by the scalar (vector) operators. For the finite anisotropy, the exponents cannot be associated with individual operators (which are essentially ``mixed'' in renormalization), but the aforementioned hierarchy survives for all the cases studied. The second-order structure function is studied in more detail using the renormalization group and zero-mode techniques.Comment: REVTEX file with EPS figure