A monolithic and flexible fluoropolymer film microreactor for organic synthesis applications

A photocurable and viscous fluoropolymer with chemical stability is a highly desirable material for fabrication of microchemical devices. Lack of a reliable fabrication method, however, limits actual applications for organic reactions. Herein, we report fabrication of a monolithic and flexible fluoropolymer film microreactor and its use as a new microfluidic platform. The fabrication involves facile soft lithography techniques that enable partial curing of thin laminates, which can be readily bonded by conformal contact without any external forces. We demonstrate fabrication of various functional channels (similar to 300 mu m thick) such as those embedded with either a herringbone micromixer pattern or a droplet generator. Organic reactions under strongly acidic and basic conditions can be carried out in this film microreactor even at elevated temperature with excellent reproducibility. In particular, the transparent film microreactor with good deformability could be wrapped around a light-emitting lamp for close contact with the light source for efficient photochemical reactions with visible light, which demonstrates easy integration with optical components for functional miniaturized systems.open1112Ysciescopu

TIPS: Taking Inflation Premium Seriously

This paper asks the question of whether the newly available TIPS yields data can help us achieve a better understanding of the real term structure and the inflation expectations. The yield differential between TIPS and comparable nominal coupon securities is not a direct measure of inflation expectations, because it contains inflation risk premium, and because the TIPS yield may depart from the true "real yield," due to low investor demand especially in the early years. Without using data from the (indexed) real bond market, we cannot fully identify the real interest rate from the inflation risk premium, unless we assume that all information affecting the real term structure is reflected in the nominal bond prices. Even with this assumption, empirical identification of the real term structure is hard to achieve because of the poor measurement and the frequent revisions of the price series. We develop a flexible multifactor term-structure model to allow for suitable specifications of liquidity premium on TIPS, as well as complications caused by lagged indexation. We estimate the model by the Kalman filter using TIPS yields, nominal bond yields, realized inflation and survey data on interest rates and inflationTIPS, Inflation risk premium, term structure of interest rates

Dynamics of Morphology-Dependent Resonances by Openness in Dielectric Disk for TE polarization

We have studied the dynamics of morphology-dependent resonances by openness in a dielectric microdisk for TE polarization. For the first time, we report that the dynamics exhibits avoided resonance crossings between inner and outer resonances even though the corresponding billiard is integrable. Due to the avoidance, inner and outer resonances can be exchanged and $Q$-factor of inner resonances is strongly affected. We analyze the diverse phenomena aroused from the dynamics including the avoided crossings.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

Direct and Indirect Detection of Neutralino Dark Matter and Collider Signatures in an SO(10)SO(10) Model with Two Intermediate Scales

We investigate the detectability of neutralino Dark Matter via direct and indirect searches as well as collider signatures of an $SO(10)$ model with two intermediate scales. We compare the direct Dark Matter detection cross section and the muon flux due to neutralino annihilation in the Sun that we obtain in this model with mSUGRA predictions and with the sensitivity of current and future experiments. In both cases, we find that the detectability improves as the model deviates more from mSUGRA. In order to study collider signatures, we choose two benchmark points that represent the main phenomenological features of the model: a lower value of $|\mu|$ and reduced third generation sfermion masses due to extra Yukawa coupling contributions in the Renormalization Group Equations, and increased first and second generation slepton masses due to new gaugino loop contributions. We show that measurements at the LHC can distinguish this model from mSUGRA in both cases, by counting events containing leptonically decaying $Z^0$ bosons, heavy neutral Higgs bosons, or like--sign lepton pairs.Comment: 21 pages, 16 figure

Resistive evolution of the magnetized Kelvin-Helmholtz instability

It is found from the resistive MHD simulation that the most effective momentum transport due to Kelvin-Helmholtz instability is obtained in the small range of magnetic-field intensity when the highly sheared field lines undergo magnetic reconnection in the late stage of the evolution

Kinetic stabilization of Fe film on (4 by 2)-GaAs(100)

We grow Fe film on (4 by 2)-GaAs(100) at low temperature, (~ 130 K) and study their chemical structure by photoelectron spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation. We observe the effective suppression of As segregation and remarkable reduction of alloy formation near the interface between Fe and substrate. Hence, this should be a way to grow virtually pristine Fe film on GaAs(100). Further, the Fe film is found stable against As segregation even after warmed up to room temperature. There only forms very thin, ~ 8 angstrom thick interface alloy. It is speculated that the interface alloy forms via surface diffusion mediated by interface defects formed during the low temperature growth of the Fe film. Further out-diffusion of both Ga and As are suppressed because it should then proceed via inefficient bulk diffusion.Comment: 4 figure

The D0 same-charge dimuon asymmetry and possibile new CP violation sources in the Bs−BˉsB_s-\bar{B}_s system

Recently, the D0 collaboration reported a large CP violation in the same-sign dimuon charge asymmetry which has the $3.2 \sigma$ deviation from the value estimated in the Standard Model. In this paper, several new physics models are considered: the MSSM, two Higgs doublet model, the recent dodeca model, and a new $Z'$ model. Generally, it is hard to achieve such a large CP violation consistently with other experimental constraints. We find that a scheme with extra non-anomalous U(1)$'$ gauge symmetry is barely consistent. In general, the extra $Z'$ gauge boson induces the flavor changing neutral current interactions at tree level, which is the basic reason allowing a large new physics CP violation. To preserve the U(1)$'$ symmetry at high energy, SU(2)$_L$ singlet exotic heavy quarks of mass above 1 TeV and the Standard Model gauge singlet scalars are introduced.Comment: 12 pages, 13 figure