Electron localization in metallic quantum wells: Pb versus In on Si(111)

Applied Science

Evaporation-induced flows in confined droplets of diluted aqueous NaCl solution

The flows in a naturally evaporating liquid droplet confined by two flat plates were investigated experimentally. A diluted sodium-chloride (NaCl) aqueous solution was used to form the confined droplets. The evaporation of water at the free surface of the droplet built up a concentration gradient inside the solution, which induced a natural convection flow. Three-dimensional trajectories of tracer particles in the droplet were tracked, and the corresponding velocity fields were obtained by using a digital in-line holographic microscopy technique. Furthermore, this study investigated the effects of the confined droplet\u92s aspect ratio and the liquid\u92s molar concentration on the evaporation-induced flows in the droplet

Light intensity defines growth and photopigment content of a mixed culture of purple phototrophic bacteria

Purple bacteria (PPB), anoxygenic photoorganoheterotrophic organisms with a hyper-versatile metabolism and high biomass yields over substrate, are promising candidates for the recovery of nutrient resources from wastewater. Infrared light is a pivotal parameter to control and design PPB-based resource recovery. However, the effects of light intensities on the physiology and selection of PPB in mixed cultures have not been studied to date. Here, we examined the effect of infrared irradiance on PPB physiology, enrichment, and growth over a large range of irradiance (0 to 350 W m−2) in an anaerobic mixed-culture sequencing batch photobioreactor. We developed an empirical mathematical model that suggests higher PPB growth rates as response to higher irradiance. Moreover, PPB adapted to light intensity by modulating the abundances of their phototrophic complexes. The obtained results provide an in-depth phylogenetic and metabolic insight the impact of irradiance on PPB. Our findings deliver the fundamental information for guiding the design of light-driven, anaerobic mixed-culture PPB processes for wastewater treatment and bioproduct valorization.BT/Environmental Biotechnolog

Near-field studies of surface plasmon generation: Optical and terahertz studies

We study the dielectric constant dependent diffraction phenomena of single slit apertures, both theoretically and experimentally. We experimentally simulate perfect metal and real metal cases by investigating subwavelength diffraction by a single slit, both in nano-optical and in terahertz regimes, keeping the slit-width/wavelength ratio approximately the same for both of frequency regimes. The wave-front in optical regime separates itself into forward propagating beam and surface-bound 90-degree diffracted wave, i.e., surface plasmon polaritons; while the separation of modes is not observed in terahertz regime.IST/OpticaApplied Science

Committee III.2: Fatigue and Fracture

Concern for crack initiation and growth under cyclic loading as well as unstable crack propagation and tearing in the ship and offshore structures. Due attention shall be paid to the suitability and uncertainty of physical models and testing. Consideration is to be given to practical application, statistical description and fracture control methods in design, fabrication and service.Ship Hydromechanics and Structure