Is Lavelle-McMullan transformation a really new symmetry in QED?

Lavelle-McMullan symmetry of QED is examined at classical and quantum levels. It is shown that Lavelle-McMullan symmetry does not give any new non-trivial information in QED by examining the Ward-Takahashi identities. Being inspired by the examination of Ward-Takahashi identity, we construct the generalized non-local and non-covariant symmetries of QED.Comment: LATEX, 9 pages, two figures generated by Feynma

Objective Function and Parameter Calibrations of Flood Forecasting Models

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Scrub Typhus Incidence Modeling with Meteorological Factors in South Korea

Since its recurrence in 1986, scrub typhus has been occurring annually and it is considered as one of the most prevalent diseases in Korea. Scrub typhus is a 3rd grade nationally notifiable disease that has greatly increased in Korea since 2000. The objective of this study is to construct a disease incidence model for prediction and quantification of the incidences of scrub typhus. Using data from 2001 to 2010, the incidence Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model, which considers the time-lag between scrub typhus and minimum temperature, precipitation and average wind speed based on the Granger causality and spectral analysis, is constructed and tested for 2011 to 2012. Results show reliable simulation of scrub typhus incidences with selected predictors, and indicate that the seasonality in meteorological data should be considered

Drought Analysis and Impact of Climate Change Effect on Drought

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Assessment of Meteorological Drought in Korea under Climate Change

Drought has become one of the most important elements for water resources planning and management in Korea. The objective of this study is to estimate the spatial distribution of drought and change in the drought characteristics over time due to climate change. For the spatial characterization of drought, the standardized precipitation index (SPI) is calculated from the 45 observatories in Korea and the spatial distribution is also estimated based on the joint probability analysis using the copula method. To analyze the effect of climate change, spatial distribution of drought in the future is analyzed using the SPI time series calculated from Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) scenarios and HADGEM3-RA regional climate model. The results show that the Youngsan River and the northwest of Nakdong River basins in Korea have nearly doubled drought amount compared to the present and are most vulnerable to drought in near future (2016 to 2039 years)

Bivariate Drought Analysis Using Streamflow Reconstruction with Tree Ring Indices in the Sacramento Basin, California, USA

Long-term streamflow data are vital for analysis of hydrological droughts. Using an artificial neural network (ANN) model and nine tree-ring indices, this study reconstructed the annual streamflow of the Sacramento River for the period from 1560 to 1871. Using the reconstructed streamflow data, the copula method was used for bivariate drought analysis, deriving a hydrological drought return period plot for the Sacramento River basin. Results showed strong correlation among drought characteristics, and the drought with a 20-year return period (17.2 million acre-feet (MAF) per year) in the Sacramento River basin could be considered a critical level of drought for water shortages