Between Two Revolutions: Cultural Relations between Mexico and Cuba

This article examines the role that Revolutionary Mexican foreign policy played within Mexican and Cuban society through an analysis of the 1938 voyage to Havana of the Brigada Mexicana and the 1939 visit to Mexico of Colonel Fulgencio Batista. These goodwill missions contributed to Mexican and Cuban state formation. In the Mexican case, the goodwill mission created domestic support by providing evidence of international support for the oil expropriation of 1938, and in the Cuban case, it provided legitimacy to the Batista regime by demonstrating affinity with the Mexican Revolution. While visiting Mexico in 1939, Batista witnessed the commemoration of the Constitution of 1917. Although he may not have been influenced to emulate its radical content in the Cuban Constitution of 1940, the two documents came to carry tremendous symbolic weight in the populist politics of both countries.This article examines the role that Revolutionary Mexican foreign policy played within Mexican and Cuban society through an analysis of the 1938 voyage to Havana of the Brigada Mexicana and the 1939 visit to Mexico of Colonel Fulgencio Batista. These goodwill missions contributed to Mexican and Cuban state formation. In the Mexican case, the goodwill mission created domestic support by providing evidence of international support for the oil expropriation of 1938, and in the Cuban case, it provided legitimacy to the Batista regime by demonstrating affinity with the Mexican Revolution. While visiting Mexico in 1939, Batista witnessed the commemoration of the Constitution of 1917. Although he may not have been influenced to emulate its radical content in the Cuban Constitution of 1940, the two documents came to carry tremendous symbolic weight in the populist politics of both countries.Este artículo examina el papel que la política exterior del México Revolucionario jugó en las sociedades mexicana y cubana a través de un análisis del viaje de la Brigada Mexicana a La Habana en 1938 y la visita de Fulgencio Batista a México en 1939. Estas misiones de buena voluntad contribuyeron a la formación del estado en México y Cuba. En el caso mexicano evidenció el apoyo internacional a la expropiación petrolera de 1938, y en el caso cubano dio legitimidad al régimen de Batista por su afinidad con la Revolución mexicana. Durante su estancia en México, Batista presenció la conmemoración de la Constitución de 1917. Aunque eso no le influyó a emular el contenido radical de este documento en la constitución cubana de 1940, las dos llevaban peso simbólico en la política populista de ambos países

High-resolution temporal profiling of transcripts during Arabidopsis leaf senescence reveals a distinct chronology of processes and regulation

Leaf senescence is an essential developmental process that impacts dramatically on crop yields and involves altered regulation of thousands of genes and many metabolic and signaling pathways, resulting in major changes in the leaf. The regulation of senescence is complex, and although senescence regulatory genes have been characterized, there is little information on how these function in the global control of the process. We used microarray analysis to obtain a highresolution time-course profile of gene expression during development of a single leaf over a 3-week period to senescence. A complex experimental design approach and a combination of methods were used to extract high-quality replicated data and to identify differentially expressed genes. The multiple time points enable the use of highly informative clustering to reveal distinct time points at which signaling and metabolic pathways change. Analysis of motif enrichment, as well as comparison of transcription factor (TF) families showing altered expression over the time course, identify clear groups of TFs active at different stages of leaf development and senescence. These data enable connection of metabolic processes, signaling pathways, and specific TF activity, which will underpin the development of network models to elucidate the process of senescence

Engaging Communities in the Design of Homes and Neighbourhoods in Aotearoa New Zealand

Community engagement in Aotearoa New Zealand is a variable practice. Generally driven by local and central government, much of it could be described as superficial at worst and naïve at best. This paper sets out concerns with existing practice as evidenced by my own experiences working on projects with local and central government. Drawing heavily on Atawhai Tibble’s tips for engaging with Māori, I outline how we might move engagement towards meaningful practice that is rooted in the Aotearoa New Zealand context

The Laboratory Of The Department Of Romance Languages At Michigan

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/98182/1/j.1467-1770.1949.tb01163.x.pd

Perceived security of tenure and housing consolidation in informal settlements: case studies from urban Fiji

quatter or informal settlements are an ever growing feature of the Fijian urban landscape. This study investigates the nature of perceived security of tenure and housing consolidation in seven informal settlements across Fiji. Understanding of the security of tenure needs to move beyond a legal/illegal dichotomy and focus on perceived security of tenure, which accepts that a much wider continuum of land-use rights typically exists. Housing consolidation or �self-help� housing improvements are also linked to security of tenure but have not been sufficiently investigated through a perceived security-of-tenure framework, especially with respect to the use of customary land. The study finds that both perceived security of tenure and housing consolidation are greater than might be expected. Policy implications are discussed and interventions are encouraged that look to increase perceived security of tenure and housing consolidation in existing settlements