Clinical significance of CRNDE transcript variants in glioblastoma multiforme

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Long non-coding RNAs: The key players in glioma pathogenesis

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Differential long non-coding RNA expressions in gliomas with EGFR alteration

Conference Theme: Brain Attack: A New EraPosters: no. P-13BACKGROUND: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently overexpressed and mutated in various types of malignancies. In glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most aggressive form of brain tumor, EGFRvIII is the most common deletion mutant of EGFR that leads to its constant activation. Both EGFR amplification and EGFRvIII mutation have been associated with poorer prognosis in GBM patients, however, the downstream effects of this EGFR over-activity remains incompletely understood. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as important regulators in different types of cancers. Given that we have previously ...postprin

MicroRNA-210 and endoplasmic reticulum chaperones in the regulation of chemoresistance in glioblastoma

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the commonest primary brain tumour in adults characterized by relentless recurrence due to resistance towards the standard chemotherapeutic agent temozolomide (TMZ). Prolyl 4-hydroxylase, beta polypeptide (P4HB), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone, is known to be upregulated in TMZ-resistant GBM cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-protein-coding transcripts that may play important roles in GBM chemoresistance. We surmised that miRNA dysregulations may contribute to P4HB upregulation, hence chemoresistance.We found that miRNA-210 (miR-210) was P4HB-targeting and was highly downregulated in TMZ-resistant GBM cells. Forced overexpression of miR-210 led to P4HB downregulation and a reduction in TMZ-resistance. A reciprocal relationship between their expressions was also verified in clinical glioma specimens. Our study is the first to demonstrate a potential link between miR-210 and ER chaperone in determining chemosensitivity in GBM. The findings have important translational implications in suggesting new directions of future studies.published_or_final_versio

Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone prolyl 4-hydroxylase, beta polypeptide (P4HB) promotes malignant phenotypes in glioma via MAPK signaling

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Clinicopathological study of IDH1 mutation in high grade glioma patients in Hong Kong

Theme: Radiation Oncology in Neurosurgical PracticeOral Poster Paper IIINTRODUCTION: The isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene is frequently mutated on amino acid residue R132H in certain subtypes of gliomas. IDH1 mutated gliomas are histologically indistinguishable from its wild type counterpart, however it displays a distinct clinical behavior and may be used to discriminate patients with more favorable prognosis and responses to chemotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHOD: To elucidate the incidence of IDH1 mutation and its clinical significance in high grade gliomas, IDH1 mutation status will be assessed by DNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry in a series of 50 high grade gliomas and the results will be correlated with age, gender, MGMT promoter methylation status, chemotherapy and overall survival. Subgroups of patients with and without methylated MGMT will be studied separately, and the response to temozolomide will be evaluated by progression free survival (PFS) and correlated with IDH1 mutation status. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The current study is ongoing and the anticipated results are that IDH1 mutations are associated with age and survival. Patients harboring IDH1 mutations generally have a younger median age and a relatively longer survival, and this correlation is independent of MGMT methylation status. It is also expected that IDH1 mutated tumors have better response to chemotherapy based on the PFS data. Similar studies conducted in other countries have indicated the great prognostic relevance of IDH1 mutation in gliomas. We review for the first time IDH1 mutation status of high grade gliomas in Hong Kong patients. This study may provide evidence to establish a more accurate assessment of response to temozolomide in addition to MGMT. Its detection could be incorporated into current pathology practice in order to guide clinicians of distinct treatment strategies.link_to_OA_fulltex

Vitamin D3 promotes motor functional recovery after experimental spinal cord injuries

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects of vitamin D3 supplementation after experimental spinal cord injuries. Method: Experimental spinal cord injury models were performed in both vitamin D (VD) normal and VD deficient Sprague Dawley rats. Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) was administered to treatment groups by oral gavage two hours after complete recovery from anesthesia, while coconut oil was given as controls. Motor functions were evaluated using Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan open field locomotion scores. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted to detect the post-traumatic pathological alterations within the epicenters. Result: Vitamin D supplementation significantly improved motor functional recovery after spinal cord when comparing treated subjects with control ones, in both normal and deficient cohorts. Immunohistochemical staining showed a better preserved myelin sheath integrity as well as less vacuolation within the whiter matter in VD-treated rats, indicating a possible mechanism through which VD might act. Conclusion: Vitamin D3 supplementation improves motor functional recovery after experimental spinal cord injuries possibly through preserving myelin sheath integrity

The Effects of Progesterone versus Dexamethasone on Brain Oedema and Inflammatory Responses Following Experimental Brain Resection

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