MEDICO-SOCIAL AND INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DRUG ADDICTED TEENAGERS AND THEIR HEALTHY RELATIVES

We conducted the research for detection of premorbid medico-social and personal features of related teenagers, using and not using psychoactive agents. Comparative analysis of 90 teenagers with drug addiction and their 90 healthy relatives (control group) was realized. Research was conducted by the method of anonymous questioning with use of specially developed questionnaire consisting of 88 questions, and also psychological methods -16 personal factors Kettell test, SMIL, and Zung depression test. Dispersive analysis was used to determine factors of medico-social character which can be considered informative for diagnostics of addiction deviations. Method of experimental psychology allowed to reveal individual and psychological features of teenagers leading to formation of addictive behavior. Teenagers suffering from drug addiction are much less socially successful than their healthy relatives. As compared to their healthy relatives, drug addicts' anamneses had more medico-social and premorbid factors of addictive risk: various neurotic episodes during childhood, craniocereberal traumas. They were exposed to actions of sexual violence more often. Their typical characteristics include tendency to internal aggression, parasuicide thoughts, suicide attempts and a paracriminal circle of contacts. Results of research at this stage gave the grounds to assume that under identical family conditions of education some teenagers are getting drug addiction, while others don't. This can be explained by the existence of individual and personal features which can already be induced by factors outside of the family. Experimental and psychological method revealed the individual and psychological features of teenagers promoting formation of dependent behavior. Unlike their healthy relatives teenage addicts have peculiar features such as aggressive tendencies, explosive nature of reaction, uneasiness and nervousness reflecting a condition of the extreme stress, hyper compensatory involvement of various protective mechanisms, hyperactivity in their search of an exit to their difficult situation, lower background of mood and narrow zone of contacts. Thus, in comparison with healthy relatives, anamnesis of teenagers addicts more often contain medico-social, behavioral and premorbid predictors of addictive behavior, and a number of specific features. All this needs to be considered while setting up individual programs of rehabilitation, and during development of primary prevention programs of psychoactive substances use in the youth environment

Nonlinear Longitudinal Bulk Strain Waves in Layered Elastic Wavegudes

We consider long longitudinal bulk strain waves in layered waveguides using Boussinesq-type equations. The equations are developed using lattice models, and this is viewed as an extension of the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam problem. We describe semi-analytical approaches to the solution of scattering problems in delaminated waveguides, and to the construction of the solution of an initial-value problem in the class of periodic functions, motivated by the scattering problems.Comment: 24 pages, 11 figure

Instability of two interacting, quasi-monochromatic waves in shallow water

We study the nonlinear interactions of waves with a doubled-peaked power spectrum in shallow water. The starting point is the prototypical equation for nonlinear uni-directional waves in shallow water, i.e. the Korteweg de Vries equation. Using a multiple-scale technique two defocusing coupled Nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations are derived. We show analytically that plane wave solutions of such a system can be unstable to small perturbations. This surprising result suggests the existence of a new energy exchange mechanism which could influence the behaviour of ocean waves in shallow water.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

On Soliton-type Solutions of Equations Associated with N-component Systems

The algebraic geometric approach to $N$-component systems of nonlinear integrable PDE's is used to obtain and analyze explicit solutions of the coupled KdV and Dym equations. Detailed analysis of soliton fission, kink to anti-kink transitions and multi-peaked soliton solutions is carried out. Transformations are used to connect these solutions to several other equations that model physical phenomena in fluid dynamics and nonlinear optics.Comment: 43 pages, 16 figure

Second harmonic generation: Goursat problem on the semi-strip and explicit solutions

A rigorous and complete solution of the initial-boundary-value (Goursat) problem for second harmonic generation (and its matrix analog) on the semi-strip is given in terms of the Weyl functions. A wide class of the explicit solutions and their Weyl functions is obtained also.Comment: 20 page

The characterization of two-component (2+1)-dimensional integrable systems of hydrodynamic type

We obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions for a two-component (2+1)-dimensional system of hydrodynamic type to possess infinitely many hydrodynamic reductions. These conditions are in involution, implying that the systems in question are locally parametrized by 15 arbitrary constants. It is proved that all such systems possess three conservation laws of hydrodynamic type and, therefore, are symmetrizable in Godunov's sense. Moreover, all such systems are proved to possess a scalar pseudopotential which plays the role of the `dispersionless Lax pair'. We demonstrate that the class of two-component systems possessing a scalar pseudopotential is in fact identical with the class of systems possessing infinitely many hydrodynamic reductions, thus establishing the equivalence of the two possible definitions of the integrability. Explicit linearly degenerate examples are constructed.Comment: 15 page

Recent advances in genetics of aggressive behavior

One of the most important problems of modern neurobiology and medicine is an understanding of the mechanisms of normal and pathological behavior of a person. Aggressive behavior is an integral part of the human psyche. However, environmental risk factors, mental illness and somatic diseases can lead to increased aggression to be the biological basis of antisocial behavior in a human society. An important role in development of aggressive behavior belongs to the hereditary factors that may be linked to abnormal functioning of neurotransmitter systems in the brain yet the underlying genetic mechanisms remain unclear, which is due to a large number of single nucleotide polymorphisms, insertions and deletions in the structure of genes that encode the components of the neurotransmitter systems. The most studied candidate genes for aggressive behavior are serotonergic (TPH1, TPH2, HTR2A, SLC6A4) and dopaminergic (DRD4, SLC6A3) system genes, as well as the serotonin or catecholamine metabolizing enzyme genes (COMT, MAOA). In addition, there is evidence that the hypothalamic-pituitary system genes (OXT, OXTR, AVPR1A, AVPR1B), the sex hormone receptors genes (ER1, AR), neurotrophin (BDNF) and neuronal apoptosis genes (CASP3, BAX) may also be involved in development of aggressive behavior. The results of Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have demonstrated that FYN, LRRTM4, NTM, CDH13, DYRK1A and other genes are involved in regulation of aggressive behavior. These and other evidence suggest that genetic predisposition to aggressive behavior may be a very complex process

The role of VNTR aggrecan gene polymorphism in the development of osteoarthritis in women

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common multifactorial joint disease. Undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (uCTD) is a genetically determined lesion of the connective tissue structures, including joints, and it can be one of the factors predisposing to development of OA. Solving the problem of comorbidity of OA and uCTD signs will contribute to the early diagnosis and prophylactics of OA. Aggrecan is one of the major structural components of cartilage and it provides the ability to resist compressive loads throughout life. We examined 316 women (mean age 50.5 ± 4.77) for signs of uCTD and OA. A study of the aggrecan gene (ACAN) VNTR polymorphism, which is represented by a variable number of 57 nucleotide repeats, was performed. We searched for associations between the VNTR locus and OA in general and with an account of the localization of the pathological process, as well as with the presence of uCTD signs. Twelve allelic variants and 24 genotypes of the VNTR polymorphism of the aggrecan gene (ACAN) were identified, the most frequent variants were alleles with 27, 28 and 26 repeats. A significance of allele *27 (х2 = 6.297, p = 0.012, odds ratio (OR) = 1.50; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.09-2.05) in the development of OA in general, knee OA (х2 = 4.613, p = 0.031, OR = 1.52; 95 % CI 1.04-2.23), and multiple OA (х2 = 4.181, p = 0.04, OR = 1.68; 95 % CI 1.02-2.78) was revealed. Homozygous genotype *27*27 was associated with OA (х2 = 3.921, р = 0.047, OR = 1.72; 95 % CI 1-2.96), and OA with uCTD signs in women (х2 = 5.415, p = 0.019, OR = 2.34; 95 % CI 1.13-4.83)

Shotgun metagenomic data on the human stool samples to characterize shifts of the gut microbial profile after the Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy

© 2017 The Authors The shotgun sequencing data presented in this report are related to the research article named “Gut microbiome shotgun sequencing in assessment of microbial community changes associated with H. pylori eradication therapy” (Khusnutdinova et al., 2016) [1]. Typically, the H. pylori eradication protocol includes a prolonged two-week use of the broad-spectrum antibiotics. The presented data on the whole-genome sequencing of the total DNA from stool samples of patients before the start of the eradication, immediately after eradication and several weeks after the end of treatment could help to profile the gut microbiota both taxonomically and functionally. The presented data together with those described in Glushchenko et al. (2017) [2] allow researchers to characterize the metagenomic profiles in which the use of antibiotics could result in dramatic changes in the intestinal microbiota composition. We perform 15 gut metagenomes from 5 patients with H. pylori infection, obtained through the shotgun sequencing on the SOLiD 5500 W platform. Raw reads are deposited in the ENA under project ID PRJEB21338