EEffect of folic acid on fluoride induced morphological alterations in the liver of albino wistar rats

Objective: To observe the histomorphological changes in liver of Albino wistar rats induced by Fluoride and effect of Folic acid.Methodology: This quasi experimental study was conducted at Anatomy department & postgraduate Laboratory of Isra University Hyderabad Sindh from April 2018 to September 2018. Total forty healthy rats 8-12 weeks old and weight 150-250gm were selected. Animals were divided in 4 groups in equal numbers. Animals of Group A, were given normal diet, Group B, received distilled water mixed with Fluoride (10.0mg/kg) and group C received distilled water mixed with Fluoride (10mg/kg) along with folic acid supplement (2.5mg/kg). Group D, animals received Fluoride (10mg/kg) for four weeks initially and then folic acid (2.5mg/kg) mixed distilled water was given for additional four weeks.  After completion of experiment, the rats were sacrificed and hepatic tissues were processed to prepare paraffin blocks. 4-6 micrometer sections were obtained for slides and stained with hematoxylin and eosin to observe under light microscope. All the data was recorded in proforma. Results: Liver weight was insignificant among all study groups. On histological examinations, fibrotic changes were significantly higher among all experimental groups as compare to control group whereas folic acid consumption reduced it. Necrotic changes, hepatic inflammatory changes, sinusoidal dilatation and congested portal veins were found higher among animals of experimental group B as compared to group C and group D, while no changes found in control group.Conclusion: Fluoride exposure that impair liver architecture, is potently supported by the portal inflammation, necrosis, and histological alterations. Folic acid is the best supplement to prevent and revert the hepatic histological alterations caused by fluorid

EEffect of folic acid on fluoride induced morphological alterations in the liver of albino wistar rats

Objective: To observe the histomorphological changes in liver of Albino wistar rats induced by Fluoride and effect of Folic acid.Methodology: This quasi experimental study was conducted at Anatomy department & postgraduate Laboratory of Isra University Hyderabad Sindh from April 2018 to September 2018. Total forty healthy rats 8-12 weeks old and weight 150-250gm were selected. Animals were divided in 4 groups in equal numbers. Animals of Group A, were given normal diet, Group B, received distilled water mixed with Fluoride (10.0mg/kg) and group C received distilled water mixed with Fluoride (10mg/kg) along with folic acid supplement (2.5mg/kg). Group D, animals received Fluoride (10mg/kg) for four weeks initially and then folic acid (2.5mg/kg) mixed distilled water was given for additional four weeks.  After completion of experiment, the rats were sacrificed and hepatic tissues were processed to prepare paraffin blocks. 4-6 micrometer sections were obtained for slides and stained with hematoxylin and eosin to observe under light microscope. All the data was recorded in proforma. Results: Liver weight was insignificant among all study groups. On histological examinations, fibrotic changes were significantly higher among all experimental groups as compare to control group whereas folic acid consumption reduced it. Necrotic changes, hepatic inflammatory changes, sinusoidal dilatation and congested portal veins were found higher among animals of experimental group B as compared to group C and group D, while no changes found in control group.Conclusion: Fluoride exposure that impair liver architecture, is potently supported by the portal inflammation, necrosis, and histological alterations. Folic acid is the best supplement to prevent and revert the hepatic histological alterations caused by fluorid

Histomorphometric Variations of the Placenta in Normal and Hypertensive Pregnancies

Background: Pregnancy-induced hypertension is a leading cause of deleterious changes in the placenta resulting in decreased blood supply towards the placenta. The objective of the current study was to analyze the histo-morphometric variations in the placenta of women with or without known pregnancy-induced hypertension. Methods: Cross-sectional study was carried out in the Gynecology and obstetrics section of Nazeer Hussain Medical Complex, Hyderabad in collaboration with Isra University, Hyderabad from March 2019 to August 2019. A total of 100 placentae were selected and divided into two groups (control and study groups) based on the presence or absence of hypertension in pregnancy. The observations of the control group placenta were compared with the study group placentas. All placentae were observed for morphometric and histological changes. SPSS ver. 22 was used to analyze the collected data. Results: There was an increase in the mean weight of placentae among the control group as compared to the group having known hypertension cases and the difference was statistically significant (p-value <0.05). The fetoplacental weight ratio was increased among the hypertension group when compared to the statistically insignificant control group (p-value <0.05). Various gross (infarction, calcification) and histological changes (hyalinised villi, intervillous hemorrhage, decreased villous vascularity) were observed in the placentae of the hypertensive group as compared to the normal group. Conclusion: The findings of the study concluded that Preeclampsia/PIH poses harmful and serious histo-morphometric variations in the placental tissues that affect fetal outcome