Delayed Repositioning in Teeth with Horizontal Root Fracture: Two Case Reports

Introduction: Horizontal root fracture (HRF) generally has a good prognosis of healing at fracture line after repositioning and flexible splinting. However, various factors such as delayed referral may unfavorably influence close reduction of firmly displaced coronal fragments and the long-term prognosis of healing at fracture line. Case 1: A 25-year-old woman with HRF in her maxillary central incisors was referred 1 week after trauma. Repositioning of the displaced coronal fragment was not successful for the left central incisor. Despite questionable prognosis for this case, reduction and flexible splinting was performed after removing it’s coronal fragment, minor curettage in alveolar socket and immediate replanting. Calcium hydroxide dressing and MTA plug placement for the coronal fragment were carried out after 1 and 3 weeks, respectively. The crown was restored and a minor permanent splint was applied after splint removal. Case 2: The above protocol was applied for a 17-year-old boy with HRF in his left maxillary central incisor. He referred 3 weeks after trauma with a firmed displaced coronal fragment. At four-year follow-up in both patients, the teeth were clinically in function and the patients were asymptomatic. The periapical radiographs revealed complete healing at fracture lines

Retrospective Study of Traumatic Dental Injuries in North-East of Iran

Introduction: Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) in children and adolescents are a common dental health problem and the prevalence of these injuries has increased during the past few decades. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the data of the patients with dental trauma in permanent teeth looking for treatment in the Dental Trauma Clinic in the North-east of Iran over 4 years. Methods: During the period April 2008 –March 2012 a total of 341 patients presented with dental trauma in the Dental Trauma Clinic; of these, 323 records had the inclusion criteria for further evaluation. Results: Dental records of 323 patients were analyzed, 727 teeth were affected. The numbers of male and female were 217 and 106, respectively. There was a significant difference between genders (

Anemia as a Public Health Issue in Mashhad, Iran: Evidence from the First Population-Based Study

Anemia is one of the main conditions that impose an adverse impact on the socioeconomic state of any country; however, evidence on the prevalence of anemia is scant in Northeastern Iran. This study was conducted to determine the overall and age- and sex-specific prevalence of anemia in the city of Mashhad, Iran. In a cross-sectional, population-based survey, 1675 individuals aged 1-90 years (29.1±18.5 years) were selected from approximately 2.4 million residents by a multistage cluster sampling method during May to September 2009. Blood samples were evaluated to determine erythrocyte indices and anemia was defined according to hemoglobin (Hb) levels based on World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The prevalence of anemia was 9.7% with considerable difference between both sexes; 6.2% and 12.7% in males and females, respectively (P<0.001). The higher prevalence of anemia was detected in females of 15-54 and ≥ 65 years old (16% and 12.5%, respectively). However, the higher rates were observed in males 65 years and older as well as boys below 5 years old (16.3% and 14.6%, respectively). Current findings show that anemia is a considerable public health problem in the population of Mashhad, Iran, especially among the pre-school children, adult women and the elderly. Great attention should be paid to the pre-school boys who are more affected by anemia than what was previously assumed