Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in infants in a rural population: longitudinal data over the first six months

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Increasing numbers of infants are receiving prescription medications for symptoms associated with gastroesophageal reflux. Our aim was to prospectively measure reported gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in healthy term infants for the first six months of life.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In a prospective cohort study in the rural Upper Peninsula of Michigan, 128 consecutive maternal-infant pairs were followed for six months and administered the Infant Gastroesophageal Reflux Questionnaire Revised (I-GERQ-R) at the one-month, two-month, four-month, and six-month well-child visits.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The I-GERQ-R scores decreased with age. Average scores were 11.74 (SE = 5.97) at one-month, 9.97(4.92) at two-months, 8.44(4.39) at four-months, and 6.97(4.05) at six months. Symptoms associated with colic were greatest at one month of age.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux as measured by the I-GERQ-R decrease with age in the first six months of life in otherwise healthy infants; however the I-GERQ-R may have difficulty differentiating gastroesophageal reflux disease from colic in those under 3 months of age.</p

Cytology of the autotriploid allium rubellum

Of A. rubellum, already known as a diploid (2n=16), a triploid form has been collected from Pathankot. All the 24 chromosomes in the latter possess median to submedian kinetochores. Of these, 6 are nucleolar chromosomes, which do not represent 3 truly morphologically homologous pairs. Meiosis is characterised by the presence of quadrivalents, trivalents, bivalents and univalents. Out of these, trivalents are the most common and often as many as 8 were seen in a cell. Anaphase-I distribution is irregular and shows bridge-fragment configurations, lagging chromosomes and micronuclei. The subsequent course of meiosis is also not normal and results in sterility. In view of the high frequency of trivalents, the triploid form appears to be an autotriploid and the karyotypic heterozygosity points to an intervarietal origin. It maintains itself because of the efficient vegetative reproduction

Effect of bavistin on sister chormatid exchanges of human lymphocytes

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