The machine-building cluster as a precondition of economic development of Cherkasy region

В роботі запропоновано створення регіонального кластеру машинобудівних підприємств. Формування машинобудівного кластеру призведе до підвищення конкурентоспроможності економіки Черкаської області.The paper presents the creation of the regional cluster of machine-building companies. The machine-building cluster formation will increase the competitiveness the economy of the Cherkasy region

The dynamic analysis of managing units and sectors of economic and industrial activity

Встановлено основні залежності між продуктивністю праці та розмірами підприємства.The main dependences between labor productivity and the sizes of the enterprise and company are defined in this work

System environment "Brainstorm" for support of the inherited software

The problem of support of the inherited software, arising at accompaniment of existing applied programs packages is analyzed. Solution of the given problem with the help of system environment «BrainStorm v. 1.0» under MS Windows which allows to create and to accompany software packages which were carried out under MS-DOS is proposed. The basic mechanisms of system maintenance realized in «BrainStorm» are described. Results of testing of the given tool means are given

Донорство и трансплантация органов в Российской Федерации в 2020 году XIII сообщение регистра Российского трансплантологического общества

Objective: to monitor the current trends and developments in organ donation and transplantation in the Russian Federation based on the 2020 data.Materials and methods. Heads of organ transplant centers were surveyed through questionnaires. Data control was done using the information accounting system of the Russian Ministry of Health. Between separate federal subjects of the Russian Federation and between transplantation centers, comparative analysis of data obtained over years was performed.Results. Based on data retrieved from the 2020 Registry, 44 kidney, 29 liver and 16 heart transplantation programs were functioning in the Russian Federation in 2020. The kidney transplant waitlist in 2020 included about 11.5% of the total 60,000 patients receiving dialysis. Organ donation activity in 2020 was 3.9 per million population, with a 74.6% multi-organ procurement rate and an average of 2.9 organs being procured from one effective donor. In 2020, there were 7.7 kidney transplants per million population, 3.8 liver transplants per million population and 1.7 heart transplants per million population. Same year, the number of transplant surgeries performed in the Russian Federation fell by 19.2% to 13.4 per million population against the background of the outbreak caused by the new coronavirus disease COVID-19. The city of Moscow and the Moscow region in 2020 accounted for 13 out of the 14 functioning organ transplantation centers, performing 66.3% of all kidney transplants and 72.4% of all extrarenal transplants in the country. The number of organ recipients in the Russian Federation have exceeded 130 per million population.Conclusion. In 2020, despite the new coronavirus disease COVID-19 pandemic and accompanying restrictive measures, transplant centers continued to perform organ transplants, run a waiting list and monitor organ recipients. However, the number of effective donors (–22.9%) and organ transplants (–19.2%) decreased, tentatively to the 2017 levels. In 2021, transplant centers with support from health authorities will have to restore the volume of transplant care with consideration to the real needs of the population and the donor resource. The COVID-19 factor, including vaccination of the population, as well as financial support to transplantation programs, will be decisive in shaping the trend of transplantation care and organ donation in the federal subjects of the Russian Federation in the coming 1–2 years.Цель. Провести мониторинг состояния и тенденций в развитии донорства и трансплантации органов в РФ по данным 2020 г.Материалы и методы. Проведено анкетирование руководителей центров трансплантации. Контроль данных осуществлялся по информационной системе учета Минздрава России. Выполнен сравнительный анализ полученных данных в динамике лет, между отдельными субъектами РФ, между центрами трансплантации.Результаты. По данным регистра, в 2020 г. в РФ функционировали 44 программы трансплантации почки, 29 – печени и 16 – сердца. Лист ожидания трансплантации почки в 2020 г. включал примерно 11,5% от общего числа 60 000 пациентов, получающих диализ. Уровень донорской активности в 2020 г. составил 3,9 на 1 млн населения, при этом доля мультиорганных изъятий составила 74,6%, среднее число органов, полученных от одного эффективного донора – 2,9. В 2020 г. частота трансплантации почки составила 7,7 на 1 млн населения, показатель трансплантации печени – 3,8 на 1 млн населения; показатель трансплантации сердца – 1,7 на 1 млн населения. В 2020 году число трансплантаций в РФ на фоне эпидемии новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 снизилось на 19,2% – до 13,4 на 1 млн населения. На территории Москвы и Московской области в 2020 г. функционировали 13 из 14 центров трансплантации, которые выполнили 66,3% от всех трансплантаций почки и 72,4% от всех экстраренальных трансплантаций. Число пациентов с трансплантированными органами в РФ превышает 130 на 1 млн населения.Заключение. В 2020 году, несмотря на эпидемию новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 и связанные с этим ограничительные меры, центры трансплантации продолжали выполнять трансплантации органов, работать с листом ожидания и наблюдать пациентов с трансплантированными органами. Однако снизилось число эффективных доноров (–22,9%) и число трансплантаций органов (–19,2%), ориентировочно до уровня 2017 г. В 2021 году центрам трансплантации при поддержке органов здравоохранения предстоит восстанавливать объемы трансплантационной помощи с учетом реальной потребности населения и донорского ресурса. Фактор COVID-19, включая вакцинацию населения, а также финансовое обеспечение трансплантационных программ будут определяющими в формировании тенденции развития трансплантационной помощи и органного донорства в субъектах РФ в перспективе 1–2 года

Донорство и трансплантация органов в Российской Федерации в 2021 году. XIV сообщение регистра Российского трансплантологического общества

Objective: to monitor the current trends and developments in organ donation and transplantation in the Russian Federation based on data from the year 2021.  Materials and methods. Heads of organ transplant centers were surveyed through questionnaires. Data control was done using the information accounting system of the Russian Ministry of Health. We performed a comparative analysis of data obtained over years from various federal subjects of the Russian Federation and transplantation centers. Results. Based on data retrieved from the 2021 Registry, 45 kidney, 29 liver and 17 heart transplantation programs were existing in the Russian Federation as of the year 2021. The kidney transplant waiting list in 2021 included about 10.5% of the 60,000 patients receiving dialysis. Organ donation activity in 2021 was 4.5 per million population, with a 78.4% multi-organ procurement rate and an average of 3.0 organs procured from one effective donor. In 2021, there were 9.5 kidney transplants per million population, 4.2 liver transplants per million population and 2.0 heart transplants per million population. Same year, the number of transplant surgeries performed in the Russian Federation increased by 18.3% compared to the year 2020, reaching the level of 2019. In Moscow, organ donation activity was 23.7 per million population, that of 2019. In 2021, the city of Moscow and the Moscow region accounted for 12 functioning organ transplant centers, performing 57.7% of all kidney transplants and 70.5% of all extrarenal transplants in the country. The number of organ recipients in the Russian Federation has exceeded 140 per million population. Conclusion. In 2021, donor activity and volume of transplant care in Russian regions recovered. This was after the decline in 2020 that resulted from the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. In addition, 7 new transplant programs were established. Further development of regional organ donation and transplantation programs, improvement in their efficiency, increase in the activity of transplant centers and development of inter-regional collaboration are expected in the Russian Federation in 2022.Цель. Провести мониторинг состояния и тенденций в развитии донорства и трансплантации органов в РФ по данным 2021 г. Материалы и методы. Проведено анкетирование руководителей центров трансплантации. Контроль данных осуществлялся по информационной системе учета Минздрава России. Выполнен сравнительный анализ полученных данных в динамике лет, между отдельными субъектами РФ, между центрами трансплантации. Результаты. По данным регистра, в 2021 г. в РФ функционировали 45 программ трансплантации почки, 29 – печени и 17 – сердца. Лист ожидания трансплантации почки в 2021 г. включал примерно 10,5% от общего числа 60 000 пациентов, получающих диализ. Уровень донорской активности в 2021 г. составил 4,5 на 1 млн населения, при этом доля мультиорганных изъятий составила 78,4%, среднее число органов, полученных от одного эффективного донора, – 3,0. В 2021 г. частота трансплантации почки составила 9,5 на 1 млн населения, показатель трансплантации печени – 4,2 на 1 млн населения; показатель трансплантации сердца – 2,0 на 1 млн населения. В 2021 г. число трансплантаций органов в РФ увеличилось на 18,3% по сравнению с 2020 г. и приблизилось к уровню 2019 г. В Москве уровень донорства составил 23,7 на 1 млн населения, превысив уровень 2019 г. На территории Москвы и Московской области функционировали 12 центров трансплантации, которые выполнили 57,7% от всех трансплантаций почки и 70,5% от всех экстраренальных трансплантаций. Число пациентов с трансплантированными органами в РФ превышает 140 на 1 млн населения. Заключение. В 2021 г. в регионах РФ наблюдалось восстановление донорской активности и объемов трансплантационной помощи населению после снижения в 2020 г. на фоне эпидемии новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19. Кроме того, были открыты 7 новых трансплантационных программ. В 2022 г. в РФ ожидается дальнейшее развитие региональных программ донорства и трансплантации органов, повышение их эффективности, увеличение активности центров трансплантации и развитие межрегионального взаимодействия

Theoretical prediction of perfect spin filtering at interfaces between close-packed surfaces of Ni or Co and graphite or graphene

The in-plane lattice constants of close-packed planes of fcc and hcp Ni and Co match that of graphite almost perfectly so that they share a common two dimensional reciprocal space. Their electronic structures are such that they overlap in this reciprocal space for one spin direction only allowing us to predict perfect spin filtering for interfaces between graphite and (111) fcc or (0001) hcp Ni or Co. First-principles calculations of the scattering matrix show that the spin filtering is quite insensitive to amounts of interface roughness and disorder which drastically influence the spin-filtering properties of conventional magnetic tunnel junctions or interfaces between transition metals and semiconductors. When a single graphene sheet is adsorbed on these open $d$-shell transition metal surfaces, its characteristic electronic structure, with topological singularities at the K points in the two dimensional Brillouin zone, is destroyed by the chemical bonding. Because graphene bonds only weakly to Cu which has no states at the Fermi energy at the K point for either spin, the electronic structure of graphene can be restored by dusting Ni or Co with one or a few monolayers of Cu while still preserving the ideal spin injection property.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figure

ASSESSMENT OF REQUIREMENT OF THE POPULATION IN THE ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION, THE DONOR RESOURCE AND PLANNING OF THE EFFECTIVE NETWORK OF THE MEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS (THE CENTERS OF TRANSPLANTATION)

Aim. To estimate the requirement of the population of the Russian Federation for an organ transplantation and donor resource, to offer approach to planning of an effective network of the medical organizations (the centers of transplantation). Materials and methods. The analysis and comparison of statistical data on population, number of the patients receiving a dialysis, data about medical care on an organ transplantation in Russia and foreign countries is made. Results. On the basis of what the assessment of requirement of the population of the Russian Federation in an organ transplantation and donor resource is carried out, approach to planning of an effective network of the medical organizations (the centers of transplantation) and scenarios of development of organ do- nation and transplantation in Russia is offered. Conclusion. To provide the population of the Russian Federation with medical care on an organ transplantation according to real requirement and donor resource, in each region of the Russian Federation have to be organized deceased organ donation and transplantation of a cadaveric kidney. But the transplantation of extrarenal organs is better to develop in the federal centers of hi-tech medical care with donor providing from territories of adjacent regions

The electronic waste management

В роботі розглянуто важливість управління електронними відходами в Україні.The paper considered the importance of electronic waste management in Ukraine