Serum small dense low-density lipoprotein concentrations are elevated in patients with significant coronary artery stenosis and are related to features of the metabolic syndrome

Serum small dense low-density lipoprotein (sd-LDL) concentrations were measured in patients with angiographically defined coronary artery disease (CAD) and compared to concentrations in healthy subjects. Five hundred and seventy patients with stable CAD were divided into CAD- and CAD+ based on angiography. Patients in whom stenosis was 50 % stenosis) had higher levels of sd-LDL compared to patients without significant lesions

Changes in small dense low-density lipoprotein levels following acute coronary syndrome

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), especially small dense LDL (sdLDL), plays a role in atherogenesis. We compared baseline sdLDL levels between healthy controls and patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Blood samples were taken from patients diagnosed with myocardial infarction ([MI] n = 104) and unstable angina ([UA] n = 100). Both sdLDL and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels were determined on admission and in the next 24 hours after the onset of symptoms. Baseline concentration of sdLDL was significantly higher in patients presenting with ACS than controls (P .05). The changes in sdLDL values were not significantly different between MI and UA participants (P > .05). Patients with ACS have higher concentration of sdLDL compared with the controls

Prooxidant-antioxidant balance and cardiac function in patients with cardiovascular disease following cardiac surgery

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is used during on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and heart valvular replacement surgery, and is associated with the induction of oxidative stress. The aim of the study was to assess the association between indices of cardiac function and prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) values in patients undergoing valve replacement surgery and on-or off-pump CABG. METHODS: Data were obtained from 44, 33, and 41 patients undergoing off-pump CABG, on-pump CABG, and valve replacement surgery, respectively. The PAB values were measured 24 h before and after the operative procedure, and at the time of discharge. Echocardiography was performed before surgery and before discharge. RESULTS: The changes in E/E', end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, left ventricular diastolic and systolic diameter were significantly related to baseline PAB values. In the valve replacement group, neither baseline nor changes in PAB values were associated with echocardiographic measurements. Also, neither off-pump nor on-pump CABG were significantly different in inducing oxidative stress (p = 0.596). When PAB values were measured in CABG patients, there was a significant difference in values between the three time points (p = 0.013). In the valve replacement group, PAB values were not significantly different between the preoperative and postoperative samples. CONCLUSION: The inverse association between the level of oxidative stress and cardiac function measurement may indicate that high levels of oxidative stress may be a predictor of the deterioration of cardiac function in CABG patients. However, in valvular heart disease patients the serum PAB value was not associated with changes in cardiac function. Levels of oxidative stress, as assessed by the PAB assay, were not significantly different for patients undergoing surgery with or without CPB

Anti-heat shock protein 27 titers and oxidative stress levels are elevated in patients with valvular heart disease

We studied the immune responses to heat shock protein (Hsp)-27 and pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) values in patients with valvular heart disease, but free of angiographically evident coronary artery disease (CAD). Patients who were candidates for valvuloplasty surgery and 30 healthy matched controls were recruited. The anti-Hsp-27 antibody titers were 0.35 ± 0.04 absorbency units (AU) in the valvuloplasty group, being significantly higher than for the controls (0.11 ± 0.02 AU; P .05). Based on the echocardiographic findings, the patients had no evident heart failure, but the high levels of anti-Hsp-27 and PAB values in patients with valvular heart disease may indicate that these variables can be used as markers of heart failure. However, a longitudinal study is required to confirm this hypothesis

Changes in anti-heat shock protein 27 antibody and C-reactive protein levels following cardiac surgery and their association with cardiac function in patients with cardiovascular disease

The relationship between serum anti-heat shock protein (Hsp)27 antibody and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels and indices of cardiac function were investigated in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or heart valve replacement. The changes in anti-Hsp27 antibody titers and hs-CRP levels were compared among patients undergoing off-pump and on-pump CABG or valvular heart replacement. Fifty-three patients underwent off-pump, on-pump CABG, and heart valvular replacement in each group. Serum anti-Hsp27 titers and hs-CRP values were measured 24 h before and after the operation and at discharge. Echocardiography was performed before surgery and before discharge. The results were compared with values from 83 healthy controls. hs-CRP levels increased and anti-Hsp27 antibody decreased following surgery (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively), although these changes were independent of operative procedure (P = 0.361 and P = 0.120, respectively). Anti-Hsp27 antibody levels were higher at the time of discharge (P = 0.016). Only in coronary patients were anti-Hsp27 antibody levels negatively associated with E/E' (r = -0.268, P = 0.022), a marker of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. In conclusions, anti-Hsp27 antibody levels are associated with indices of cardiac function in coronary patients. Cardiopulmonary bypass had no significant effect on the induction of changes in anti-Hsp27 levels. Moreover, anti-Hsp27 antibody levels fell in all groups postoperatively; this may be due to the formation of immune complexes of antigen-antibody, and antibody levels were higher at the time of discharge