5 research outputs found
Feature of the vortex and the jet flows around and inside the three-row pile group
In this article the results of experimental research of kinematics and the dynamics of horseshoe vortex structures, wake vortices and lateral jet flows, formed around and inside the pile group of three-row grillage, set on a flat rigid surface and sand soil, are presented. Visualization of flow is conducted using water soluble coatings and contrast substances, introduced into the stream. The fields of velocity, pressure and shear stresses around and inside the pile construction were investigated using the miniature sensors of the velocity, dynamic pressure and pressure fluctuations. The place of formation and features of development of large-scale horseshoe vortex structures and wake vortices, and the hydrodynamic characteristics of the vortex and jet flow were determined. The space-time correlation and spectral characteristics of the velocity and pressure fluctuations were measured. The scale of the coherent vortex structures, their frequencies of rotations and oscillations, convective velocities and direction of transfer were determined. The three-dimensional spectrograms and correlograms of vortex and the jet flow about and inside the three-row pile grillage were obtained
Π Π°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π² Π³. Π‘Π°Π½ΠΊΡ-ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ³Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² 2016-2021 Π³.
Background. Currently, kidney cancer remains one of the most common oncourological diseases with relatively high mortality rate.Aim. To study the main epidemiological indicators of malignant neoplasms of the kidney in various regions of Russia and Saint Petersburg.Materials and methods. Based on the data from the Department of Medical Statistics of Tumor Diseases of the Medical Information and Analytical Center, the epidemiological indicators of malignant neoplasms of the kidney for the period between 2016 and 2021 in Russia, individual Federal Districts of the country and Saint Petersburg were analyzed.Results. Despite theΒ increase in theΒ prevalence of malignantΒ neoplasms of theΒ kidney,Β medical oncological care for the population is at an appropriate level. Most cases of the disease are diagnosed at early stages, there is a decrease in patient mortality rates and an increase in 5-year survival, which indicates the effectiveness of ongoing anticancer measures. In a number of Federal Districts, a number of indicators showed a negative trend compared to the all-Russia data, which requires close attention.Conclusion. The analysis of statisticalΒ data of patients with malignant neoplasms of the kidney can be used to optimize the algorithms for diagnosing and treatingΒ this category of patients,Β as well as to improve oncological care for the population.Β ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π² Π³. Π‘Π°Π½ΠΊΡ-ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ³Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅Β ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΒ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Β Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ 2016β2021 Π³Π³. Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π°Ρ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΈ Π‘Π°Π½ΠΊΡ-ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ³Π΅.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΡ
, ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 5-Π»Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ. Π ΡΡΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π Π°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ: ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π³. Π‘Π°Π½ΠΊΡ-ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ³Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ
Background. Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant neoplasms in the male population worldwide with high morbidity and mortality rates.Aim. To study the main medial statistical indicators of prostate cancer in Saint Petersburg and other regions of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. The epidemiological indicators of prostate cancer for 2012-2021 in the Russian Federation, individual federal districts and Saint Petersburg were analyzed.Results. The prevalence of malignant neoplasms of the prostate has increased in recent years. At the same time, the number of cases of early-stage disease diagnosis has increased, one-year mortality has decreased, and 5-year survival has increased, which indicates proper quality of oncological care for the population. In some federal districts, unstable or negative dynamics of indicators compared to the average Russian data are observed, which requires further analysis.Conclusion. Evaluation of statistical measures of morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland can be used to improve diagnostic algorithms and therapeutic tactics for this pathology.ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π Π°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°-Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ - ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ Π² Π³. Π‘Π°Π½ΠΊΡ-ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ³Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ Π·Π° 2012-2021 Π³Π³. Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π°Ρ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΈ Π³. Π‘Π°Π½ΠΊΡ-ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ³Π΅.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π Π°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ. Π ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΡ
, ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΡΠ»Π° 5-Π»Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎ Π½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΡΡΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ