An Efficient Classification of Emotions in Students\u27 Feedback using Deep Neural Network

Background and Objective: In both the corporate and academic worlds, the collection and analysis of feedback (product evaluation, social media debate, and student input) has long been a significant topic. The traditional approaches to collect student feedback focused on data collection and analysis via questionnaires. However, the student makes comments on social media sites that need to be looked at to improve educational standards at schools.Methods: The purpose of this work is to construct a deep neural network-based system to assess students\u27 feedback and emotions found in the reviews. Our approach applies a Deep Learning-based Bi-LSTM Model to a benchmark student input dataset. It would categorize students\u27 feedback about their instructors according to their emotional states, such as love, happiness, fury, and disdain.Results: The experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms both benchmark studies and state-of-the-art machine learning classifiers

Seismic vulnerability assessment of pre-1945 unreinforced masonry buildings located in Queensland, Australia, using an index-based approach

The Australian state of Queensland (QLD) is home to numerous unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings constructed more than 120 years ago. Many of these masonry structures hold heritage value and are significant cultural assets, leading to their inclusion in the Queensland Heritage Register. Understanding the structural vulnerabilities and challenges associated with these buildings is crucial for state authorities to formulate preservation strategies to protect their cultural assets. Although the QLD state is generally considered to have low seismic hazard when compared to other regions, its potential seismic risk is substantial due to the heightened vulnerability of its buildings. Therefore, prioritising seismic vulnerability assessments for these structures is essential to evaluate their present condition and implement necessary measures to prevent potential harm to the buildings and their occupants and avert economic losses. This study focuses on assessing QLD’s old URM buildings constructed before 1940 using a methodology proposed in the literature to evaluate the seismic vulnerability of façade walls. Such a methodology relies on calculating a vulnerability index and employs a hybrid approach to generate damage and loss scenarios on a regional scale. A total of 363 URM buildings across seven towns of QLD were assessed using existing data gathered through field surveys. The findings are analysed and compared to previous vulnerability studies on similar building typologies in Australia and are presented through maps created using an open Geographical Information System (GIS) tool. The insights generated in this research can serve as a valuable resource for identifying critical buildings and proposing conservation or retrofitting plans. This study’s findings indicate that many of the assessed buildings are potentially vulnerable to earthquakes of low to moderate intensities, necessitating, therefore, further investigation using more detailed tools. This screening will contribute to developing more appropriate and effective risk mitigation strategies

Time to endoscopy for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: results from a prospective multicentre trainee-led audit

Background: Endoscopy within 24 hours of admission (early endoscopy) is a quality standard in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB). We aimed to audit time to endoscopy outcomes and identify factors affecting delayed endoscopy (>24h of admission).Methods: This prospective multicentre audit enrolled patients admitted with AUGIB who underwent inpatient endoscopy between Nov-Dec 2017. Analyses were performed to identify factorsassociated with delayed endoscopy, and to compare patient outcomes, including length of stay and mortality rates, between early and delayed endoscopy groups.Results: Across 348 patients from 20 centres, the median time to endoscopy was 21.2h (IQR 12.0- 35.7), comprising median admission to referral and referral to endoscopy times of 8.1h (IQR 3.7- 18.1) and 6.7h (IQR 3.0-23.1) respectively. Early endoscopy was achieved in 58.9%, although this varied by centre (range: 31.0% - 87.5%, p=0.002). On multivariable analysis, lower Glasgow-Blatchford score, delayed referral, admissions between 7am-7pm or via the Emergency Department were independent predictors of delayed endoscopy. Early endoscopy was associated with reduced length of stay (median difference 1d; p= 0.004), but not 30-day mortality (p=0.344).Conclusions: The majority of centres did not meet national standards for time to endoscopy. Strategic initiatives involving acute care services may be necessary to improve this outcome

Prediction of Nonlinear Flexural Behavior of Continuous RC Beams Pre-Damaged by Corrosion

Numerical simulation models capable of predicting the nonlinear flexural behavior of continuous reinforced concrete (RC) beams with corroded reinforcement were developed. Laboratory tests were conducted to validate predictions of the numerical models. A parametric study was carried out to examine the effect of varying the location and severity of corrosion on the nonlinear flexural behavior of continuous RC beams. The load capacity of continuous RC beams decreased linearly with an increase in the severity of corrosion, regardless of its location. The corrosion of reinforcement in the sagging region was, however, more detrimental to the load capacity than hogging corrosion. The rate of the strength reduction for the beam models with sagging corrosion was approximately 70% higher than that of the models with hogging corrosion. The beam models with sagging and hogging corrosion concurrently exhibited the poorest performance. The rate of the strength reduction of the beam models with corrosion in both sagging and hogging regions was approximately 2.7 times that of the models with hogging corrosion only. The moment redistribution ratio at the ultimate load for the beam models with sagging corrosion only ranged from 2–22%. The beam models with corrosion in the hogging region only exhibited the highest moment redistribution ratio of 22–50% at the ultimate load. The beam models with sagging and hogging corrosion simultaneously exhibited a constant moment redistribution ratio of 18% at the ultimate load

Continuous Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with Fabric-Reinforced Cementitious Matrix: Experimental Investigation and Numerical Simulation

This paper aims to examine the nonlinear flexural behavior of continuous RC beam specimens strengthened with fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) composites through experimental testing and numerical modeling. A total of nine two-span RC beam specimens were constructed and tested. Test parameters included the type of FRCM (carbon (C-FRCM) and polypara-phenylene benzobisoxazole (PBO-FRCM), location of strengthening (sagging and hogging regions) and number of FRCM layers (two and four layers). Test results indicated that sagging strengthening resulted in a strength gain in the range of 17 to 29%, whereas hogging strengthening increased the load capacity by 9 to 17%. The use of C-FRCM resulted in a higher strength gain than that provided by PBO-FRCM composites. Specimens strengthened with PBO-FRCM exhibited, however, higher ductility and deformational capacity than those of their counterparts strengthened with C-FRCM. Doubling the number of FRCM layers resulted in no or insignificant increase in the load capacity but reduced the beam ductility. Specimens strengthened in the sagging regions exhibited moment redistribution ratios of 13 to 26% between the hogging and sagging regions. Insignificant moment redistribution was recorded for the specimens strengthened in the hogging region. Three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulation models, with and without an interfacial bond-slip law at the fabric–matrix interface, were developed. The inclusion of the bond-slip law in the modeling had an insignificant effect on predicted response. Although the models tended to underestimate the deflection, the predicted load capacities were within a 12% error band. Numerical findings were in agreement with those obtained from laboratory testing.</p

Incidental Finding of Deranged Renal Function in Elderly Patients Presenting with Fractures in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Objective: To determine the incidental rate of renal impairment among elderly women with fractures who reported to the Orthopaedic OPD at a tertiary care Hospital. Methodology: This prospective cohort study was done at Orthopaedic department and OPD Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi during a period of one year from March 2022 to February 2023. A total of 147 females aged &gt;60 years presented with Hip fractures, surgically managed and who had history of normal pre-fracture renal function were included. A 5ml blood sample was obtained and sent to the Hospital diagnostic laboratory to evaluate the renal profile, serum calcium and vitamin D levels. All the information was recorded via pre-structured study proforma.  Results: The study enrolled 147 elderly participants with an average age of 66.82 years. Among the participants, 24 patients (16.3%) experienced Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), with 9.5% having stage-I AKI, 4.8% with stage II AKI, and 2.0% with stage III AKI. Before sustaining the hip fracture, the mean serum creatinine level was 67.04 µmol/L, and following the fracture, it increased to 81.95 µmol/L (p-value &lt; 0.0001). The severity of AKI did not exhibit a statistically significant correlation with the age of the patients. However, there was a statistically significant increase in serum creatinine levels among patients based on the duration of their fractures (p-value &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: The incidence of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in elderly patients following hip fractures was found to be 16.3%, with varying stages of severity

Corporate social responsibility and employee green behavior in the hospitality industry: A cross-country study

This study empirically investigates the role of employees’ perceptions of CSR in improving their green behavior in the hospitality industry. In addition, this study investigates the mediating role of employee well-being and the moderating role of hotels’ environmental strategy in this relationship. Empirical analysis is performed in a cross-country setting using evidence from Pakistan and Italy. The study model is tested through PLS-SEM using survey data of 485 hotel employees. Findings from the overall sample and country-specific samples reveal that CSR is positively and significantly related to employee green behavior. Moreover, employee well-being serves as a significant mediator in the relationship between corporate social responsibility and employee green behavior, while hotels’ environmental strategy significantly moderates this relationship in the overall and country-specific samples. These results suggest that paradoxically, though the selected countries have different tourism implementation levels, economic development, and cultures, the employees’ perceptions of CSR and its effect on their green behavior do not vary significantly across both countries.</jats:p