Circulating biomarkers of oxidative stress in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia and efficacy of antioxidant supplementation

Background: To detect circulating markers of oxidative stress in women with normal pregnancy, women at risk of preeclampsia and women with preeclampsia and to assess the effect of Antioxidants on the levels of markers of oxidative stress in all the groups .Methods: Quasi experimental study design, an experimental study with multiple arms conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Sawangi (Meghe) Wardha from March 2009 to July 2012.Results: Of 872 women enrolled, 290 were in the Normal Group (Normotensive women), 302 were in the At Risk Preeclampsia and 280 women allocated to Preeclampsia Group. Maximum numbers of pregnant women were between 20-24 years age group being 74.71%, 74.73% and 67.31% in the normal, at risk of Preeclampsia and preeclampsia group respectively Mean MDA level was 2.44 nmol/ml in normotensive women, 2.45 nmol/ml in at risk of preeclampsia and 4.83 nmol/ml in women with preeclampsia. SOD level in units/gm Hb%. Mean ± SD was 9.58±6.44 in normotensive group, 8.12±6.67, in at risk of preeclampsia group and 6.88±14.90 in preeclampsia group (p<0.05). This is due to antioxidant defense against oxidative stress in preeclampsia with resultant fall in plasma levels of SOD. Rising levels of MDA with the progression of gestation in placebo groups of all the pregnant women (Normotensive, at risk of preeclampsia and preeclampsia) and decline in the levels in those patients supplemented with antioxidant vitamins was observed. However there was no definite trend of significant rise or fall in the level of superoxide dismutase enzyme except in preeclamptic women. Conclusions: Circulating biomarker, MDA levels were raised significantly in women with preeclampsia. Superoxide dismutase, an antioxidant enzyme showed lower levels in preeclamptic patients. Following antioxidant supplementation marked improvement was noticed in the biochemical indices in all the major groups (normal pregnancy, pregnancy at risk of preeclampsia and preeclampsia). Vitamin supplementation has definite role in reducing the oxidative stress and maternal and perinatal morbidity

A case of infertility with tuberculosis with multiple calcifications on both fallopian tubes

Genital tract tuberculosis usually shows no symptoms and it is diagnosed as such incidentally during infertility investigations. In general, infertility is the most common clinical symptom of pelvic tuberculosis to the extent that it constitutes between 40 to 60 percent of the patients chief complaints. Female genital tuberculosis is still a major cause of infertility in India. This case highlights some of the well known facts about genital tuberculosis, that it is the relatively young female in the reproductive age group who are victim in female genital tuberculosis and infertility. In our case inspite of advanced genital tuberculosis, endometrial biopsy was negative for AFB and showed normal histopathology and diagnostic laparoscopy and biopsy from fallopian tubes revealed genital tuberculosis. Thus laparoscopy has definite place in the diagnosis of pelvic tuberculosis. Female genital tuberculosis is a major cause of infertility however diagnosis is sometime difficult and it becomes still more difficult when endometrial histopathology is normal therefore diagnostic laparoscopy is gold standard for confirmation of genital tuberculosis with its added advantages of complete evaluation of uterus, tubes, ovaries and operative intervention in the same sitting

Pregnancy outcome after diagnosis of oligohydramnios at term

Background: To study the perinatal outcome in oligohydramnios (AFI < 5) at term & find out incidence of relation of maternal high risk factors.Methods: A Prospective case control study consists of an analysis of pregnancy outcome in 50 cases with diagnosis of oligohydramnios by ultrasound after 37 completed weeks of gestation compared with 50 controls with no oligohydramnios.Results: The selected outcomes showed significant variations in both groups. There were increased chances of FHR decelerations, Thick meconium, low Apgar score at 5 min. ,birth weight <2.5 kg, admission to NICU, congenital anomalies & neonatal mortality(statistically not significant).Conclusions: An amniotic fluid index of < 5 cm detected after 37 completed weeks of gestation is an indicator of poor perinatal outcome. Determination of AFI can be used as an adjunct to other fetal surveillance methods. It helps to identify those infants at risk of poor perinatal outcome

Correlation of non stress test with fetal outcome in term pregnancy (37-42 Weeks)

Background: The main purpose of the various antepartum surveillance techniques is to detect fetal distress so as to prevent fetal death. Traditionally, obstetricians tended to classify pregnant women as “low” and “high” risk. Although many well-organized methods are available for managing the high-risk group, we need more ef­ficient methods for identifying pregnant women in distress in the low-risk group. The idea of taking this study using NST as a tool for routine antepartum fetal surveillance is we will be trying to catch up those fetuses who might be at risk in womb and provide prompt intervention in otherwise considered normal pregnancies without any obvious high risk factor thus giving the best outcome in mothers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation of the Non Stress Test with fetal outcome in pregnancies from 37-42 weeks of gestation.Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study at Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital Sawangi (Meghe) Wardha and Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit from August 2011- July 2013. This study included 100 normal pregnant mothers from 37 weeks to 42 weeks who were subjected to NST for 20 minutes.Results: The incidence of reactive test was 85% and that of Non reactive NST was 15% .As the gestational age advances the incidence of NR NST is more. Postdatism (gestation &gt;40 weeks) is found to be an important factor for NR NST. Mode of delivery was related to results of Non stress Test in terms of maximum vaginal delivery in Reactive groups, Operative deliveries which occurred in the Reactive groups were also due to indications other than fetal distress. Caesarean section rate is slightly higher in non reactive NST. The individual parameters of poor fetal outcome like meconium stained liquor, Apgar score &lt;7 at 5 minutes had increased incidences in the non reactive group.Conclusion: Routine electronic monitoring is accepted in high risk women, but normal pregnancies too require some reliable objective assessment to optimize the outcome. This study suggests that the NST was found to be a good predictor of the healthy foetus even in normal pregnancies between 37-42 weeks of gestation and the probability of an adverse outcome such as meconium-staining of liquor and poor Apgar score increases with a non reactive strip. However large randomized controlled trials are necessary to assess normal pregnancies to incorporate NST to monitor normal pregnancies

Prevalence and epidemiological aspect of dengue fever in western Rajasthan in year 2018

Background: Dengue fever (DF) is a common mosquito borne disease caused by dengue virus and is transmitted by Aedes mosquito. It is one of the major public health problems in India which affects all levels of society, but the burden of disease is a higher in poor people who live together in communities.  Aim of present study is aimed to assess the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of cases of DF in  Tertiary Care Hospitals in Jodhpur, Rajasthan.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in all cases of DF registered in the associated group of Hospitals of Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2018. Rapid immune-chromatographic card test and MAC ELISA test method was used to detect dengue non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen and dengue immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies in the Viral Research Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL) of Department of Microbiology, Dr. S.N. Medical College to confirm the diagnosis. Results: Out of 2701 patients, 541 patients were tested serologically positive for DF (NS1, IgM). The highest number of suspected cases (1061) was reported in the month of October, 2018 out of whom 228 were positive. Maximum number of dengue cases reported were males belonging to 31-40 years age group from urban area. Fever was the main complaint in all the cases followed by vomiting, headache, and abdominal pain.Conclusion: Dengue is one of the major public health problems in India. A large number of cases are reported in the monsoon and post-monsoon period in the months from  September to December. Measures can be taken both at personal and government level to reduce morbidity and mortality from dengue

Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Lung

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMT) of the lung, first reported in 1939, are considered a subset of inflammatory pseudo-tumors. They are a distinctive lesions composed of myofibroblastic spindle cells accompanied by an inflammatory infiltrate of plasma cells, lymphocytes, and eosinophils. IMTs may be benign, invade surrounding structures, undergo malignant transformation, recur or may even metastasize. They can occur due to a genetic mutation or can occur secondary to infectious or autoimmune diseases. Patients may be asymptomatic, or present with cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, pleuritic pain, constitutional symptoms or pneumonia. In this article we review the pathophysiology, genetics, clinical presentation, imaging findings of IMT of the lung. We also discuss the various surgical and non-surgical treatment options and the prognosis associated with this disease

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the lung

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMT) of the lung, first reported in 1939, are considered a subset of inflammatory pseudo-tumors. They are a distinctive lesions composed of myofibroblastic spindle cells accompanied by an inflammatory infiltrate of plasmacells, lymphocytes, and eosinophils. IMTs may be benign, invade surrounding structures, undergo malignant transformation,recur or may even metastasize. They can occur due to a genetic mutation or can occur secondary to infectious or autoimmunediseases. Patients may be asymptomatic, or present with cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, pleuritic pain, constitutional symptomsor pneumonia. In this article we review the pathophysiology, genetics, clinical presentation, imaging findings of IMT of the lung.We also discuss the various surgical and non-surgical treatment options and the prognosis associated with this disease

Investigation on BST-NZF Magnetoelectric Composites

Here, we are reporting electrical properties of Barium Titanate and Ni-Zn ferrite magneto-electric composites. Sr substituted barium titanate (BST = 90%) and MnO2 doped nickel zinc ferrite (NZF = 10%) were selected as individual phases for magneto-electric composite. Individual Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 and Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 were prepared separately through solid state reaction route. For structural analysis, the sintered samples subjected to X-ray diffraction reveal a presence of both the ferrite and ferroelectric phase in the composite sample. Dielectric properties were measured as a function of frequency and temperature. Curie temperature for pure BST was observed to be 92 °C, whereas in the composite sample, the transition became broader. P-E hysteresis loops were recorded at 20 Hz for all the sample

Investigation on BST-NZF Magnetoelectric Composites

452-455Here, we are reporting electrical properties of Barium Titanate and Ni-Zn ferrite magneto-electric composites. Sr substituted barium titanate (BST = 90%) and MnO2 doped nickel zinc ferrite (NZF = 10%) were selected as individual phases for magneto-electric composite. Individual Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 and Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 were prepared separately through solid state reaction route. For structural analysis, the sintered samples subjected to X-ray diffraction reveal a presence of both the ferrite and ferroelectric phase in the composite sample. Dielectric properties were measured as a function of frequency and temperature. Curie temperature for pure BST was observed to be 92 C, whereas in the composite sample, the transition became broader. P-E hysteresis loops were recorded at 20 Hz for all the samples

Zapalne guzy miofibroblastyczne płuc

Zapalne guzy miofibroblastyczne (IMT) płuc, po raz pierwszy opisane w 1939 roku, są uważane za podgrupę zapalnych guzów rzekomych. To charakterystyczne zmiany złożone z wrzecionowatych komórek miofibroblastycznych z towarzyszącym naciekiem zapalnym z komórek plazmatycznych, limfocytów i eozynofili. Zapalne guzy miofibroblastyczne mogą być łagodne, naciekać otaczające struktury, podlegać transformacji złośliwej, nawracać lub nawet dawać przerzuty. Mogą być wynikiem mutacji genetycznej lub wystąpić wtórnie do chorób infekcyjnych lub autoimmunologicznych. Pacjenci mogą być bezobjawowi lub zgłaszać występowanie kaszlu, krwioplucia, duszności, bólu opłucnowego, objawów ogólnych lub objawów zapalenia płuc. W pracy dokonano przeglądu patofizjologii, genetyki, obrazu klinicznego, wyników badań obrazowych dotyczących IMT płuca. Omówiono także różne chirurgiczne i niechirurgiczne opcje leczenia i rokowanie w tej chorobie.Zapalne guzy miofibroblastyczne (IMT) płuc, po raz pierwszy opisane w 1939 roku, są uważane za podgrupę zapalnych guzów rzekomych. To charakterystyczne zmiany złożone z wrzecionowatych komórek miofibroblastycznych z towarzyszącym naciekiem zapalnym z komórek plazmatycznych, limfocytów i eozynofili. Zapalne guzy miofibroblastyczne mogą być łagodne, naciekać otaczające struktury, podlegać transformacji złośliwej, nawracać lub nawet dawać przerzuty. Mogą być wynikiem mutacji genetycznej lub wystąpić wtórnie do chorób infekcyjnych lub autoimmunologicznych. Pacjenci mogą być bezobjawowi lub zgłaszać występowanie kaszlu, krwioplucia, duszności, bólu opłucnowego, objawów ogólnych lub objawów zapalenia płuc. W pracy dokonano przeglądu patofizjologii, genetyki, obrazu klinicznego, wyników badań obrazowych dotyczących IMT płuca. Omówiono także różne chirurgiczne i niechirurgiczne opcje leczenia i rokowanie w tej chorobie