811 research outputs found
Heavy quarks and QCD matter
I present recent results on the theory of QCD matter production in high
energy heavy ion collisions and on the interactions of heavy quarks in such
environment. The centrality and rapidity dependence of hadron production is
evaluated in semi--classical approach. The energy loss of heavy quarks in
matter is computed. The heavy--to--light meson ratio (e.g., D/pion) at moderate
transverse momenta is demonstrated to be both sensitive to the density of color
charges in the medium and infrared stable.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures; invited talk at the international conference on
"Statistical QCD", August 26-30, 2001, Bielefel
QCD and Heavy Ions
This short paper is an attempt to describe a theorist's view of the goals of
relativistic heavy ion program which has just entered the collider era. These
goals are centered around understanding the properties and the critical
behavior of Quantum Chromo-Dynamics (QCD) in the non-linear regime of high
color field strength and high parton density. Some of the current theoretical
challenges are highlighted, and the place of heavy ion research in the broader
context of modern particle and nuclear physics is discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, invited talk at the Third International
Conference on Perspectives in Hadronic Physics, Trieste, Italy, 7-11 May 200
Broken scale invariance, massless dilaton and confinement in QCD
Classical conformal invariance of QCD in the chiral limit is broken
explicitly by scale anomaly. As a result, the lightest scalar particle (scalar
glueball, or dilaton) in QCD is not light, and cannot be described as a
Goldstone boson. Nevertheless basing on an effective low-energy theory of
broken scale invariance we argue that inside the hadrons the non-perturbative
interactions of gluon fields result in the emergence of a massless dilaton
excitation (which we call the "scalaron"). We demonstrate that our effective
theory of broken scale invariance leads to confinement. This theory allows a
dual formulation as a classical Yang-Mills theory on a curved conformal
space-time background. Possible applications are discussed, including the
description of strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma and the spin structure of
hadrons.Comment: 18 pages, 2 figures; v2: fixed numerous typo
Topologically induced local P and CP violation in hot QCD
Very stringent experimental bounds exist on the amount of P and CP violation
in strong interactions. Nevertheless, the presence of non-Abelian topological
solutions and the axial anomaly make the issue of CP invariance in QCD
non-trivial ("the strong CP problem"). Even in the absence of a global P and CP
violation the fluctuations of topological charge in the QCD vacuum are expected
to play an important role in the breaking of chiral symmetry, and in the mass
spectrum and other properties of hadrons. Here I argue that topological
fluctuations in hot QCD matter can become directly observable in the presence
of a very intense external magnetic field by inducing local P- and CP- odd
effects. These local parity-violating phenomena can be described by using the
Maxwell-Chern-Simons, or axion, electrodynamics as an effective theory. Local P
and CP violation in hot QCD matter can be observed in experiment through the
"chiral magnetic effect" - the separation of electric charge along the axis of
magnetic field that is created by the colliding relativistic ions. There is a
recent evidence for the electric charge separation relative to the reaction
plane of heavy ion collisions from the STAR Collaboration at RHIC.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures; presented at the 25th Winter Workshop on Nuclear
Dynamics, Big Sky, Montana, February 1-8, 200
Bulk viscosity of QCD matter near the critical temperature
Kubo's formula relates bulk viscosity to the retarded Green's function of the
trace of the energy-momentum tensor. Using low energy theorems of QCD for the
latter we derive the formula which relates the bulk viscosity to the energy
density and pressure of hot matter. We then employ the available lattice QCD
data to extract the bulk viscosity as a function of temperature. We find that
close to the deconfinement temperature bulk viscosity becomes large, with
viscosity-to-entropy ratio zeta/s about 1.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figur
Discussing the possibility of observation of parity violation in heavy ion collisions
It was recently argued that in heavy ion collision the parity could be
broken. This Note addresses the question of possibility of the experimental
detection of the effect. We discuss how parity violating effects would modify
the final particle distributions and how one could construct variables
sensitive to the effect, and which measurement would be the (most) conclusive.
Discussing different observables we also discuss the question if the
``signals'' can be faked by ``conventional'' effects (such as anisotropic flow,
etc.) and make estimates of the signals.Comment: LaTeX, 5 pages; some corrections in chapter III; main results are
unchange
- …